{"id":29115,"date":"2025-10-20T04:37:00","date_gmt":"2025-10-19T20:37:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/?p=29115"},"modified":"2025-10-20T05:53:08","modified_gmt":"2025-10-19T21:53:08","slug":"lancet-global-health%e5%8f%91%e8%a1%a8%e8%ae%ba%e6%96%87%ef%bc%9a%e5%8d%b0%e5%ba%a6%e5%8c%bb%e9%99%a2%e7%9b%b8%e5%85%b3%e6%84%9f%e6%9f%93%e7%9b%91%e6%b5%8b%e7%bd%91%e5%8f%82%e4%b8%8e%e5%8c%bb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/?p=29115","title":{"rendered":"[Lancet Global Health\u53d1\u8868\u8bba\u6587]\uff1a\u5370\u5ea6\u533b\u9662\u76f8\u5173\u611f\u67d3\u76d1\u6d4b\u7f51\u53c2\u4e0e\u533b\u9662\u4e2d\u6210\u4eba\u3001\u513f\u7ae5\u548c\u65b0\u751f\u513fICU\u4e2d\u5fc3\u9759\u8109\u5bfc\u7ba1\u76f8\u5173\u8840\u6d41\u611f\u67d3"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Articles<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Profile of central line-associated bloodstream infections in adult, paediatric, and neonatal intensive care units of hospitals participating in a health-care-associated infection surveillance network in India: a 7-year multicentric study<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

Rasna\u00a0Parveen,\u00a0Arpan Kumar\u00a0Thakur,\u00a0Sharad\u00a0Srivastav, et al<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Lancet Global Health 2025; 13: e1564-e1573<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2214-109X(25)00221-9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Summary<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Background<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) are preventable health-care-associated infections (HAIs) that cause considerable morbidity and mortality. Understanding the epidemiology of CLABSIs through large, quality-assured, hospital-based datasets could help to enable development of preventive protocols suited to specific health-care systems. We aimed to describe the profile of CLABSIs in intensive care units (ICUs) at tertiary care centres in India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Methods<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

We obtained data from around 200 adult, paediatric, and neonatal ICUs at 54 hospitals reporting to the Indian HAI surveillance network over a period of 7 years. All hospitals conducted bloodstream infection surveillance using standardised protocols. Cases of CLABSI were recorded on standard case report forms and were submitted to the HAI surveillance database. Denominator data (patient-days and central line-days) were entered monthly. Data quality was evaluated by a central team at the All-India Institute of Medical Sciences (New Delhi, India). We calculated CLABSI rates per 1000 central line-days and central-line utilisation ratio (CLUR) by year and ICU type (adult, paediatric, or neonatal). Commonly reported pathogens were ranked and the proportions of priority pathogens showing antimicrobial resistance were also estimated for each 1-year period and each ICU type.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Findings<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

During the surveillance period from May 1, 2017 to April 30, 2024, 8629 laboratory-confirmed CLABSI events, 3\u2008054\u2008124 patient-days, and 977\u2008052 central line-days were recorded. The overall pooled CLABSI rate was 8\u00b783 per 1000 central line-days and the pooled CLUR was 0\u00b732. CLABSI rates were 8\u00b768 per 1000 central line-days in adult ICUs (CLUR 0\u00b738), 6\u00b771 per 1000 central line-days in paediatric ICUs (0\u00b727), and 13\u00b786 per 1000 central line-days in neonatal ICUs (0\u00b711). Among the total 10\u2008042 pathogens reported, 8981 (89\u00b74%) were bacterial and 1061 (10\u00b76%) were fungal;\u00a0Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/em>\u00a0(2294 [22\u00b78%] isolates) and\u00a0Acinetobacter baumannii<\/em>\u00a0(2047 [20\u00b74%] isolates) were the most frequently reported for each ICU type. Among isolates tested, resistance to carbapenem was found to be highest in\u00a0A baumannii<\/em>\u00a0(1607 [87\u00b71%] resistant isolates of 1846 tested) and\u00a0K pneumoniae<\/em>\u00a0(1589 [77\u00b77%] of 2046).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Table 1. Distribution of ICUs in the health-care-associated infection surveillance network and ICU-wise distribution of CLABSI cases, 2017\u201324<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Empty Cell<\/td>ICUs (n=200)<\/strong><\/th>CLABSI cases (n=8629)<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Medical<\/td>49 (24\u00b75%)<\/td>2103 (24\u00b74%)<\/td><\/tr>
Medical and surgical<\/td>15 (7\u00b75%)<\/td>1436 (16\u00b76%)<\/td><\/tr>
Surgical<\/td>18 (9\u00b70%)<\/td>1116 (12\u00b79%)<\/td><\/tr>
Trauma<\/td>11 (5\u00b75%)<\/td>971 (11\u00b73%)<\/td><\/tr>
Neonatal<\/td>23 (11\u00b75%)<\/td>857 (9\u00b79%)<\/td><\/tr>
Anaesthesia<\/td>4 (2\u00b70%)<\/td>415 (4\u00b78%)<\/td><\/tr>
Paediatric<\/td>17 (8\u00b75%)<\/td>469 (5\u00b74%)<\/td><\/tr>
COVID-19<\/td>16 (8\u00b70%)<\/td>252 (2\u00b79%)<\/td><\/tr>
Gastrointestinal<\/td>5 (2\u00b75%)<\/td>256 (3\u00b70%)<\/td><\/tr>
Cardiothoracic<\/td>9 (4\u00b75%)<\/td>137 (1\u00b76%)<\/td><\/tr>
High-dependency unit<\/td>6 (3\u00b70%)<\/td>139 (1\u00b76%)<\/td><\/tr>
Paediatric medical and surgical<\/td>7 (3\u00b75%)<\/td>125 (1\u00b74%)<\/td><\/tr>
Neurosurgical<\/td>7 (3\u00b75%)<\/td>89 (1\u00b70%)<\/td><\/tr>
Oncological medical<\/td>1 (0\u00b75%)<\/td>87 (1\u00b70%)<\/td><\/tr>
Respiratory<\/td>6 (3\u00b70%)<\/td>72 (0\u00b78%)<\/td><\/tr>
Burn<\/td>1 (0\u00b75%)<\/td>24 (0\u00b73%)<\/td><\/tr>
Oncological surgical<\/td>1 (0\u00b75%)<\/td>40 (0\u00b75%)<\/td><\/tr>
Neurological<\/td>2 (1\u00b70%)<\/td>27 (0\u00b73%)<\/td><\/tr>
Cardiac<\/td>2 (1\u00b70%)<\/td>14 (0\u00b72%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Data are n (%). All ICUs in the table were categorised as adult ICUs, other than the \u201cNeonatal\u201d, \u201cPaediatric\u201d, and \u201cPaediatric medical and surgical\u201d ICUs. \u201cPaediatric\u201d and \u201cPaediatric medical and surgical\u201d were considered as distinct categories. CLABSI=central line-associated blood stream infection. ICU=intensive care unit.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Table 2. CLABSI events reported by ICU type in the health-care-associated infection surveillance network, 2017\u201324<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Empty Cell<\/td>2017\u201318<\/strong><\/th>2018\u201319<\/strong><\/th>2019\u201320<\/strong><\/th>2020\u201321<\/strong><\/th>2021\u201322<\/strong><\/th>2022\u201323<\/strong><\/th>2023\u201324<\/strong><\/th>Total<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
All ICUs combined<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Patient-days<\/td>248\u2008009<\/td>428\u2008162<\/td>481\u2008706<\/td>398\u2008372<\/td>418\u2008510<\/td>409\u2008593<\/td>669\u2008772<\/td>3\u2008054\u2008124<\/td><\/tr>
Central line-days<\/td>81\u2008185<\/td>130\u2008943<\/td>154\u2008864<\/td>131\u2008323<\/td>134\u2008365<\/td>129\u2008888<\/td>214\u2008484<\/td>977\u2008052<\/td><\/tr>
CLABSI events<\/td>689<\/td>1317<\/td>1528<\/td>1481<\/td>1084<\/td>763<\/td>1767<\/td>8629<\/td><\/tr>
CLABSI rate per 1000 central line-days<\/td>8\u00b749<\/td>10\u00b706<\/td>9\u00b787<\/td>11\u00b728<\/td>8\u00b707<\/td>5\u00b787<\/td>8\u00b724<\/td>8\u00b783<\/td><\/tr>
CLUR<\/td>0\u00b733<\/td>0\u00b731<\/td>0\u00b732<\/td>0\u00b733<\/td>0\u00b732<\/td>0\u00b732<\/td>0\u00b732<\/td>0\u00b732<\/td><\/tr>
Adult ICUs<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Patient-days<\/td>193\u2008850<\/td>322\u2008203<\/td>357\u2008634<\/td>291\u2008722<\/td>276\u2008310<\/td>268\u2008721<\/td>467\u2008899<\/td>2\u2008178\u2008339<\/td><\/tr>
Central line-days<\/td>72\u2008859<\/td>113\u2008108<\/td>131\u2008138<\/td>113\u2008117<\/td>111\u2008801<\/td>107\u2008842<\/td>176\u2008795<\/td>826\u2008660<\/td><\/tr>
CLABSI events<\/td>588<\/td>1126<\/td>1249<\/td>1286<\/td>897<\/td>601<\/td>1431<\/td>7178<\/td><\/tr>
CLABSI rate per 1000 central line-days<\/td>8\u00b707<\/td>9\u00b796<\/td>9\u00b752<\/td>11\u00b737<\/td>8\u00b702<\/td>5\u00b757<\/td>8\u00b709<\/td>8\u00b768<\/td><\/tr>
CLUR<\/td>0\u00b738<\/td>0\u00b735<\/td>0\u00b737<\/td>0\u00b739<\/td>0\u00b740<\/td>0\u00b740<\/td>0\u00b738<\/td>0\u00b738<\/td><\/tr>
Paediatric ICUs<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Patient-days<\/td>25\u2008359<\/td>37\u2008949<\/td>47\u2008514<\/td>41\u2008400<\/td>48\u2008539<\/td>50\u2008229<\/td>73\u2008681<\/td>324\u2008671<\/td><\/tr>
Central line-days<\/td>6937<\/td>11\u2008524<\/td>14\u2008670<\/td>9802<\/td>11\u2008686<\/td>13\u2008581<\/td>20\u2008349<\/td>88\u2008549<\/td><\/tr>
CLABSI events<\/td>72<\/td>96<\/td>118<\/td>83<\/td>50<\/td>60<\/td>115<\/td>594<\/td><\/tr>
CLABSI rate per 1000 central line-days<\/td>10\u00b738<\/td>8\u00b733<\/td>8\u00b704<\/td>8\u00b747<\/td>4\u00b728<\/td>4\u00b742<\/td>5\u00b765<\/td>6\u00b771<\/td><\/tr>
CLUR<\/td>0\u00b727<\/td>0\u00b730<\/td>0\u00b731<\/td>0\u00b724<\/td>0\u00b724<\/td>0\u00b727<\/td>0\u00b728<\/td>0\u00b727<\/td><\/tr>
Neonatal ICUs<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Patient-days<\/td>28\u2008800<\/td>68\u2008010<\/td>76\u2008558<\/td>65\u2008250<\/td>93\u2008661<\/td>90\u2008643<\/td>128\u2008192<\/td>551\u2008114<\/td><\/tr>
Central line-days<\/td>1389<\/td>6311<\/td>9056<\/td>8404<\/td>10\u2008878<\/td>8465<\/td>17\u2008340<\/td>61\u2008843<\/td><\/tr>
CLABSI events<\/td>29<\/td>95<\/td>161<\/td>112<\/td>137<\/td>102<\/td>221<\/td>857<\/td><\/tr>
CLABSI rate per 1000 central line-days<\/td>20\u00b788<\/td>15\u00b705<\/td>17\u00b778<\/td>13\u00b733<\/td>12\u00b759<\/td>12\u00b705<\/td>12\u00b775<\/td>13\u00b786<\/td><\/tr>
CLUR<\/td>0\u00b705<\/td>0\u00b709<\/td>0\u00b712<\/td>0\u00b713<\/td>0\u00b712<\/td>0\u00b709<\/td>0\u00b714<\/td>0\u00b711<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Patient-days were defined as the total number of patients per day in the surveillance unit. Central line-days were defined as the number of patients with one or more temporary central lines each day in the surveillance unit. CLABSI rate is calculated as the number of CLABSI events divided by the number of central line-days multiplied by 1000. CLUR is calculated as central line-days divided by patient-days. CLABSI=central line-associated bloodstream infection. CLUR=central line utilisation ratio. ICU=intensive care unit.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Table 3. Event outcomes at 14 days and final outcomes*<\/a> for cases of central line-associated bloodstream infection, 2017\u201324<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Empty Cell<\/td>14-day outcome (n=8629)<\/strong><\/th>Final outcome<\/strong>*<\/a>(n=8629)<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Died in hospital<\/td>3506 (40\u00b76%)<\/td>4493 (52\u00b71%)<\/td><\/tr>
Left against medical advice<\/td>311 (3\u00b76%)<\/td>450 (5\u00b72%)<\/td><\/tr>
Unknown<\/td>9 (0\u00b71%)<\/td>787 (9\u00b71%)<\/td><\/tr>
Discharged<\/td>566 (6\u00b76%)<\/td>2743 (31\u00b78%)<\/td><\/tr>
Still under surveillance in ICU<\/td>2598 (30\u00b71%)<\/td>NA<\/td><\/tr>
Transferred to another hospital<\/td>97 (1\u00b71%)<\/td>156 (1\u00b78%)<\/td><\/tr>
Transferred to other wards or units within the same hospital\u2020<\/sup><\/a><\/td>1542 (17\u00b79%)<\/td>NA<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
NA=not applicable.
*Final outcome represents the outcome at the end of a patient's surveillance.
\u2020Final outcomes could be updated based on a hospital's electronic health records if patients died or were discharged, or were updated to \u201cunknown\u201d if a final outcome was not known.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Table 4. Year-wise ranking of the most common pathogens reported in adult, paediatric, and neonatal ICUs in the health-care-associated infection surveillance network, 2017\u201324<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Empty Cell<\/td>2017\u201318<\/strong><\/th>2018\u201319<\/strong><\/th>2019\u201320<\/strong><\/th>2020-21<\/strong><\/th>2021\u201322<\/strong><\/th>2022\u201323<\/strong><\/th>2023\u201324<\/strong><\/th>Total<\/strong><\/th><\/tr>
Empty Cell<\/td>Rank<\/th>Isolates<\/th>Rank<\/th>Isolates<\/th>Rank<\/th>Isolates<\/th>Rank<\/th>Isolates<\/th>Rank<\/th>Isolates<\/th>Rank<\/th>Isolates<\/th>Rank<\/th>Isolates<\/th>Rank<\/th>Isolates<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Adult ICUs<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
All isolates<\/td>..<\/td>656<\/td>..<\/td>1284<\/td>..<\/td>1477<\/td>..<\/td>1498<\/td>..<\/td>1045<\/td>..<\/td>688<\/td>..<\/td>1712<\/td>..<\/td>8360<\/td><\/tr>
Klebsiella<\/em>spp<\/td>1<\/td>125 (19\u00b71%)<\/td>2<\/td>242 (18\u00b78%)<\/td>1<\/td>301 (20\u00b74%)<\/td>1<\/td>360 (24\u00b70%)<\/td>1<\/td>217 (20\u00b78%)<\/td>1<\/td>159 (23\u00b71%)<\/td>1<\/td>385 (22\u00b75%)<\/td>1<\/td>1789 (21\u00b74%)<\/td><\/tr>
Acinetobacter<\/em>spp<\/td>2<\/td>106 (16\u00b72%)<\/td>1<\/td>302 (23\u00b75%)<\/td>2<\/td>298 (20\u00b72%)<\/td>2<\/td>289 (19\u00b73%)<\/td>2<\/td>208 (19\u00b79%)<\/td>2<\/td>144 (20\u00b79%)<\/td>2<\/td>374 (21\u00b78%)<\/td>2<\/td>1721 (20\u00b76%)<\/td><\/tr>
Enterococcus<\/em>spp<\/td>4<\/td>61 (9\u00b73%)<\/td>5<\/td>117 (9\u00b71%)<\/td>3<\/td>161 (10\u00b79%)<\/td>3<\/td>195 (13\u00b70%)<\/td>3<\/td>111 (10\u00b76%)<\/td>3<\/td>98 (14\u00b72%)<\/td>4<\/td>193 (11\u00b73%)<\/td>3<\/td>936 (11\u00b72%)<\/td><\/tr>
Candida<\/em> spp<\/td>3<\/td>87 (13\u00b73%)<\/td>4<\/td>118 (9\u00b72%)<\/td>5<\/td>133 (9\u00b70%)<\/td>4<\/td>137 (9\u00b71%)<\/td>4<\/td>107 (10\u00b72%)<\/td>4<\/td>71 (10\u00b73%)<\/td>3<\/td>195 (11\u00b74%)<\/td>4<\/td>848 (10\u00b71%)<\/td><\/tr>
Burkholderia<\/em>spp<\/td>7<\/td>39 (5\u00b79%)<\/td>3<\/td>123 (9\u00b76%)<\/td>4<\/td>143 (9\u00b77%)<\/td>5<\/td>115 (7\u00b77%)<\/td>6<\/td>74 (7\u00b71%)<\/td>9<\/td>12 (1\u00b77%)<\/td>8<\/td>75 (4\u00b74%)<\/td>5<\/td>581 (6\u00b79%)<\/td><\/tr>
Pseudomonas<\/em>spp<\/td>6<\/td>46 (7\u00b70%)<\/td>6<\/td>96 (7\u00b75%)<\/td>9<\/td>72 (4\u00b79%)<\/td>6<\/td>96 (6\u00b74%)<\/td>5<\/td>75 (7\u00b72%)<\/td>5<\/td>45 (6\u00b75%)<\/td>6<\/td>104 (6\u00b71%)<\/td>6<\/td>534 (6\u00b74%)<\/td><\/tr>
S aureus<\/em><\/td>5<\/td>47 (7\u00b72%)<\/td>7<\/td>90 (7\u00b70%)<\/td>7<\/td>85 (5\u00b78%)<\/td>8<\/td>69 (4\u00b76%)<\/td>7<\/td>64 (6\u00b71%)<\/td>6<\/td>38 (5\u00b75%)<\/td>5<\/td>110 (6\u00b74%)<\/td>7<\/td>503 (6\u00b70%)<\/td><\/tr>
E coli<\/em><\/td>9<\/td>33 (5\u00b70%)<\/td>8<\/td>53 (4\u00b71%)<\/td>8<\/td>79 (5\u00b73%)<\/td>9<\/td>65 (4\u00b73%)<\/td>8<\/td>63 (6\u00b70%)<\/td>7<\/td>27 (3\u00b79%)<\/td>7<\/td>100 (5\u00b78%)<\/td>8<\/td>420 (5\u00b70%)<\/td><\/tr>
Enterobacter<\/em>spp<\/td>8<\/td>35 (5\u00b73%)<\/td>9<\/td>44 (3\u00b74%)<\/td>6<\/td>85 (5\u00b78%)<\/td>7<\/td>90 (6\u00b70%)<\/td>9<\/td>41 (3\u00b79%)<\/td>8<\/td>24 (3\u00b75%)<\/td>9<\/td>45 (2\u00b76%)<\/td>9<\/td>364 (4\u00b74%)<\/td><\/tr>
Paediatric ICUs<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
All isolates<\/td>..<\/td>80<\/td>..<\/td>103<\/td>..<\/td>135<\/td>..<\/td>101<\/td>..<\/td>54<\/td>..<\/td>68<\/td>..<\/td>137<\/td>..<\/td>678<\/td><\/tr>
Acinetobacter<\/em>spp<\/td>4<\/td>10 (12\u00b75%)<\/td>1<\/td>26 (25\u00b72%)<\/td>1<\/td>32 (23\u00b77%)<\/td>2<\/td>16 (15\u00b78%)<\/td>1<\/td>17 (31\u00b75%)<\/td>1<\/td>14 (20.6%)<\/td>1<\/td>33 (24\u00b71%)<\/td>1<\/td>148 (21\u00b78%)<\/td><\/tr>
Klebsiella<\/em>spp<\/td>1<\/td>20 (25\u00b70%)<\/td>3<\/td>16 (15\u00b75%)<\/td>2<\/td>23 (17\u00b70%)<\/td>3<\/td>14 (13.9%)<\/td>2<\/td>12 (22\u00b72%)<\/td>2<\/td>14 (20.6%)<\/td>3<\/td>25 (18\u00b72%)<\/td>2<\/td>124 (18\u00b73%)<\/td><\/tr>
Candida<\/em> spp<\/td>2<\/td>13 (16\u00b73%)<\/td>4<\/td>12 (11.7%)<\/td>3<\/td>21 (15\u00b76%)<\/td>1<\/td>20 (19\u00b78%)<\/td>5<\/td>4 (7\u00b74%)<\/td>3<\/td>13 (19\u00b71%)<\/td>2<\/td>28 (20\u00b74%)<\/td>3<\/td>111 (16\u00b74%)<\/td><\/tr>
Pseudomonas<\/em>spp<\/td>3<\/td>12 (15\u00b70%)<\/td>2<\/td>18 (17\u00b75%)<\/td>5<\/td>12 (8\u00b79%)<\/td>7<\/td>6 (5\u00b79%)<\/td>4<\/td>5 (9\u00b73%)<\/td>0<\/td>0<\/td>6<\/td>8 (5\u00b78%)<\/td>4<\/td>61 (9.0%)<\/td><\/tr>
S aureus<\/em><\/td>10<\/td>2 (2\u00b75%)<\/td>6<\/td>7 (6\u00b78%)<\/td>4<\/td>17 (12\u00b76%)<\/td>4<\/td>11 (10\u00b79%)<\/td>7<\/td>3 (5.6%)<\/td>6<\/td>4 (5.9%)<\/td>5<\/td>11 (8\u00b70%)<\/td>5<\/td>55 (8\u00b71%)<\/td><\/tr>
Neonatal ICUs<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
All isolates<\/td>..<\/td>32<\/td>..<\/td>105<\/td><\/td>177<\/td>..<\/td>125<\/td>..<\/td>151<\/td>..<\/td>110<\/td>..<\/td>304<\/td>..<\/td>1004<\/td><\/tr>
Klebsiella<\/em>spp<\/td>4<\/td>5 (15\u00b76%)<\/td>1<\/td>44 (41\u00b79%)<\/td>1<\/td>47 (26\u00b76%)<\/td>1<\/td>55 (44\u00b70%)<\/td>1<\/td>56 (37.1%)<\/td>1<\/td>44 (40\u00b70%)<\/td>1<\/td>130 (42.8%)<\/td>1<\/td>381 (37\u00b79%)<\/td><\/tr>
Acinetobacter<\/em>spp<\/td>1<\/td>11 (34\u00b74%)<\/td>2<\/td>15 (14\u00b73%)<\/td>3<\/td>23 (13\u00b70%)<\/td>2<\/td>22 (17\u00b76%)<\/td>3<\/td>21 (13\u00b79%)<\/td>2<\/td>17 (15.5%)<\/td>2<\/td>69 (22\u00b77%)<\/td>2<\/td>178 (17\u00b77%)<\/td><\/tr>
Candida<\/em> spp<\/td>3<\/td>5 (15\u00b76%)<\/td>3<\/td>13 (12\u00b74%)<\/td>4<\/td>17 (9\u00b76%)<\/td>3<\/td>14 (11\u00b72%)<\/td>2<\/td>24 (15\u00b79%)<\/td>3<\/td>10 (9\u00b71%)<\/td>3<\/td>19 (6\u00b73%)<\/td>3<\/td>102 (10\u00b72%)<\/td><\/tr>
Enterobacter<\/em>spp<\/td>2<\/td>6 (18\u00b78%)<\/td>4<\/td>13 (12\u00b74%)<\/td>2<\/td>24 (13\u00b76%)<\/td>7<\/td>4 (3\u00b72%)<\/td>5<\/td>9 (6\u00b70%)<\/td>11<\/td>1 (0\u00b79%)<\/td>11<\/td>2 (0\u00b77%)<\/td>4<\/td>59 (5\u00b79%)<\/td><\/tr>
E coli<\/em><\/td>5<\/td>3 (9\u00b74%)<\/td>7<\/td>3 (2\u00b79%)<\/td>6<\/td>13 (7\u00b73%)<\/td>5<\/td>6 (4\u00b78%)<\/td>4<\/td>10 (6\u00b76%)<\/td>7<\/td>6 (5\u00b75%)<\/td>5<\/td>14 (4\u00b76%)<\/td>5<\/td>55 (5\u00b75%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Isolates data are n or n (% of total isolates per ICU type and year).\u00a0E coli<\/em>=Escherichia coli<\/em>. ICU=intensive care unit.\u00a0S aureus<\/em>=Staphylococcus aureus.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Table 5. Year-wise numbers and proportions of priority resistant pathogens reported in ICUs in the health-care-associated infection surveillance network, 2017\u201324<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Empty Cell<\/td>2017\u201318<\/strong><\/th>2018\u201319<\/strong><\/th>2019\u201320<\/strong><\/th>2020\u201321<\/strong><\/th>2021\u201322<\/strong><\/th>2022\u201323<\/strong><\/th>2023\u201324<\/strong><\/th>Total<\/strong><\/th><\/tr>
Empty Cell<\/td>Number reported<\/th>Resistant<\/th>Number Reported<\/th>Resistant<\/th>Number reported<\/th>Resistant<\/th>Number reported<\/th>Resistant<\/th>Number reported<\/th>Resistant<\/th>Number reported<\/th>Resistant<\/th>Number reported<\/th>Resistant<\/th>Number reported<\/th>Resistant<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Adult ICUs<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Enterobacterales*<\/a><\/td>193<\/td>123\/165 (74\u00b75%)<\/td>339<\/td>218\/304 (71\u00b77%)<\/td>468<\/td>262\/386 (67\u00b79%)<\/td>516<\/td>310\/448 (69\u00b72%)<\/td>321<\/td>196\/305 (64\u00b73%)<\/td>210<\/td>142\/181 (78\u00b75%)<\/td>528<\/td>343\/456 (75\u00b72%)<\/td>2575<\/td>1594\/2245 (71\u00b70%)<\/td><\/tr>
K pneumoniae<\/em>*<\/a><\/td>125<\/td>87\/111 (78\u00b74%)<\/td>242<\/td>170\/218 (78\u00b70%)<\/td>301<\/td>204\/262 (77\u00b79%)<\/td>360<\/td>254\/320 (79\u00b74%)<\/td>217<\/td>152\/206 (73\u00b78%)<\/td>159<\/td>117\/136 (86\u00b70%)<\/td>385<\/td>275\/333 (82\u00b76%)<\/td>1789<\/td>1259\/1586 (79\u00b74%)<\/td><\/tr>
A baumannii<\/em>*<\/a><\/td>106<\/td>80\/92 (87\u00b70%)<\/td>302<\/td>231\/281 (82\u00b72%)<\/td>298<\/td>226\/262 (86\u00b73%)<\/td>289<\/td>240\/262 (91\u00b76%)<\/td>208<\/td>163\/195 (83\u00b76%)<\/td>144<\/td>120\/130 (92\u00b73%)<\/td>374<\/td>314\/336 (93\u00b75%)<\/td>1721<\/td>1374\/1558 (88\u00b72%)<\/td><\/tr>
P aeruginosa<\/em>*<\/a><\/td>46<\/td>18\/36 (50\u00b70%)<\/td>96<\/td>57\/86 (66\u00b73%)<\/td>72<\/td>38\/59 (64\u00b74%)<\/td>96<\/td>40\/78 (51\u00b73%)<\/td>75<\/td>33\/64 (51\u00b76%)<\/td>45<\/td>27\/40 (67\u00b75%)<\/td>104<\/td>60\/92 (65\u00b72%)<\/td>534<\/td>273\/455 (60\u00b70%)<\/td><\/tr>
Enterobacter<\/em>spp\u2020<\/sup><\/a><\/td>35<\/td>2\/29 (6\u00b79%)<\/td>44<\/td>2\/15 (13\u00b73%)<\/td>85<\/td>3\/9 (33\u00b73%)<\/td>90<\/td>0\/14<\/td>41<\/td>1\/7 (14\u00b73%)<\/td>24<\/td>2\/9 (22\u00b72%)<\/td>45<\/td>0\/15<\/td>364<\/td>10\/98 (10\u00b72%)<\/td><\/tr>
Paediatric ICUs<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Enterobacterales*<\/a><\/td>23<\/td>11\/19 (57\u00b79%)<\/td>23<\/td>10\/18 (55\u00b76%)<\/td>31<\/td>17\/20 (85\u00b70%)<\/td>22<\/td>12\/20 (60\u00b70%)<\/td>12<\/td>9\/10 (90\u00b70%)<\/td>16<\/td>13\/15 (86\u00b77%)<\/td>36<\/td>25\/30 (83\u00b73%)<\/td>163<\/td>97\/132 (73\u00b75%)<\/td><\/tr>
K pneumoniae<\/em>*<\/a><\/td>20<\/td>11\/17 (64\u00b77%)<\/td>16<\/td>9\/12 (75\u00b70%)<\/td>23<\/td>13\/13 (100\u00b70%)<\/td>14<\/td>8\/12 (66\u00b77%)<\/td>12<\/td>9\/10 (90\u00b70%)<\/td>14<\/td>11\/13 (84\u00b76%)<\/td>25<\/td>19\/20 (95\u00b70%)<\/td>124<\/td>80\/97 (82\u00b75%)<\/td><\/tr>
A baumannii<\/em>*<\/a><\/td>10<\/td>5\/6 (83\u00b73%)<\/td>26<\/td>18\/23 (78\u00b73%)<\/td>32<\/td>25\/29 (86\u00b72%)<\/td>16<\/td>10\/13 (76\u00b79%)<\/td>17<\/td>11\/15 (73\u00b73%)<\/td>14<\/td>10\/10 (100\u00b70%)<\/td>33<\/td>28\/30 (93\u00b73%)<\/td>148<\/td>107\/126 (84\u00b79%)<\/td><\/tr>
P aeruginosa<\/em>*<\/a><\/td>12<\/td>7\/10 (70\u00b70%)<\/td>18<\/td>11\/16 (68\u00b78%)<\/td>12<\/td>7\/8 (87\u00b75%)<\/td>6<\/td>2\/4 (50\u00b70%)<\/td>5<\/td>1\/5 (20\u00b70%)<\/td>0<\/td>0\/0<\/td>8<\/td>3\/7 (42\u00b79%)<\/td>61<\/td>31\/50 (62\u00b70%)<\/td><\/tr>
Enterobacter<\/em>spp\u2020<\/sup><\/a><\/td>5<\/td>0\/3<\/td>3<\/td>0\/0<\/td>3<\/td>0\/1<\/td>5<\/td>0\/2<\/td>1<\/td>0\/1<\/td>0<\/td>0\/0<\/td>6<\/td>0\/4<\/td>23<\/td>0\/11<\/td><\/tr>
Neonatal ICUs<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Enterobacterales*<\/a><\/td>8<\/td>3\/7 (42\u00b79%)<\/td>47<\/td>26\/46 (56\u00b75%)<\/td>60<\/td>30\/52 (57\u00b77%)<\/td>61<\/td>37\/57 (64\u00b79%)<\/td>66<\/td>44\/64 (68\u00b78%)<\/td>50<\/td>31\/46 (67\u00b74%)<\/td>144<\/td>107\/142 (75\u00b74%)<\/td>436<\/td>278\/414 (67\u00b71%)<\/td><\/tr>
K pneumoniae<\/em>*<\/a><\/td>5<\/td>1\/4 (25\u00b70%)<\/td>44<\/td>26\/43 (60\u00b75%)<\/td>47<\/td>25\/42 (59\u00b75%)<\/td>55<\/td>34\/52 (65\u00b74%)<\/td>56<\/td>38\/54 (70\u00b74%)<\/td>44<\/td>27\/40 (67\u00b75%)<\/td>130<\/td>99\/128 (77\u00b73%)<\/td>381<\/td>250\/363 (68\u00b79%)<\/td><\/tr>
A baumannii<\/em>*<\/a><\/td>11<\/td>8\/11 (72\u00b77%)<\/td>15<\/td>12\/15 (80\u00b70%)<\/td>23<\/td>13\/17 (76\u00b75%)<\/td>22<\/td>13\/18 (72\u00b72%)<\/td>21<\/td>13\/21 (61\u00b79%)<\/td>17<\/td>11\/14 (78\u00b76%)<\/td>69<\/td>56\/66 (84\u00b78%)<\/td>178<\/td>126\/162 (77\u00b78%)<\/td><\/tr>
P aeruginosa<\/em>*<\/a><\/td>1<\/td>1\/1 (100\u00b70%)<\/td>3<\/td>1\/2 (50\u00b70%)<\/td>6<\/td>1\/4 (25\u00b70%)<\/td>4<\/td>0\/2<\/td>6<\/td>1\/6 (16\u00b77%)<\/td>7<\/td>1\/5 (20\u00b70%)<\/td>13<\/td>3\/12 (25\u00b70%)<\/td>40<\/td>8\/32 (25\u00b70%)<\/td><\/tr>
Enterobacter<\/em>spp\u2020<\/sup><\/a><\/td>6<\/td>1\/3 (33\u00b73%)<\/td>13<\/td>0\/1<\/td>24<\/td>0\/16<\/td>4<\/td>1\/4 (25\u00b70%)<\/td>9<\/td>0\/6<\/td>1<\/td>0\/1<\/td>2<\/td>0\/2<\/td>59<\/td>2\/33 (6\u00b71%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Resistance data are shown as n\/N (%), where n is the number of isolates with resistance, N is the number tested, and % is the proportion n\/N. The organisms listed above represent only the resistant organisms out of all isolates reported and tested.\u00a0A baumannii<\/em>=Acinetobacter baumannii<\/em>. ICU=intensive care unit.\u00a0K pneumoniae<\/em>=Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/em>.\u00a0P aeruginosa<\/em>=Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/em>.
*Tested for carbapenem resistance.
\u2020Tested for colistin resistance.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Interpretation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

This is the first large-scale observational study and standardised surveillance report of CLABSI in India. The data generated from this network provide a valuable opportunity for a quality improvement-based approach for the reduction of CLABSI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Funding<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention cooperative agreement with the All-India Institute of Medical Sciences (New Delhi, India).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Articles Profile of central line-associated bloodstream […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[32,23],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29115"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=29115"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29115\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29116,"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29115\/revisions\/29116"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=29115"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=29115"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=29115"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}