{"id":28965,"date":"2025-09-28T04:17:00","date_gmt":"2025-09-27T20:17:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/?p=28965"},"modified":"2025-09-28T06:40:21","modified_gmt":"2025-09-27T22:40:21","slug":"lancet-global-health%e5%8f%91%e8%a1%a8%e8%ae%ba%e6%96%87%ef%bc%9a1990-2023%e5%b9%b4%e9%97%b4%e8%82%be%e5%8a%9f%e8%83%bd%e8%a1%b0%e7%ab%ad%e4%bc%b4%e6%9b%bf%e4%bb%a3%e6%b2%bb%e7%96%97%e5%8f%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/?p=28965","title":{"rendered":"[Lancet Global Health\u53d1\u8868\u8bba\u6587]\uff1a1990-2023\u5e74\u95f4\u80be\u529f\u80fd\u8870\u7aed\u4f34\u66ff\u4ee3\u6cbb\u7597\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u75c5\u56e0\u7684\u5168\u7403\u3001\u5730\u533a\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u53d1\u75c5\u7387"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Articles<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Global, regional, and national prevalence of kidney failure with replacement therapy and associated aetiologies, 1990\u20132023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

GBD 2023 Kidney Failure with Replacement Therapy Collaborators<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Lancet Global Health 2025; 13: e1378-e1395<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Summary<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Background<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kidney failure with replacement therapy (KFRT) such as dialysis or transplantation represents a severe stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and poses a major global health burden. Although many CKD cases are diagnosed in the earlier stages, the greatest risk occurs when CKD progresses to KFRT. Despite its considerable financial and imposing impact on public health, there is a notable gap in international policies addressing CKD and KFRT. To bridge this gap and help policy makers and health systems effectively tackle the public health challenge of KFRT, a better understanding of the disease burden is essential. Thus, this analysis aims to provide a detailed overview of the global prevalence of KFRT and its associated aetiologies with estimates from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) from 1990 to 2023.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Methods<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

This study defined KFRT as individuals on maintenance dialysis for 90 days or more or those who have undergone a kidney transplant, aligning with the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2024 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease. Renal registries served as the primary data sources. Prevalence and underlying aetiology estimates (type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, glomerulonephritis, and other causes) were generated with DisMod-MR 2.1, an epidemiological Bayesian mixed-effects meta-regression modelling tool. Both all-age and age-standardised estimates were reported and accompanied with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Findings<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

In 2023, the number of global cases of KFRT was 4\u00b759 million (95% UI 4\u00b717\u20135\u00b708) for both sexes and all ages, with an age-standardised prevalence of 50\u00b77 (46\u00b71\u201356\u00b70) per 100\u2008000 population. Over the past three decades, there has been a steady increase in KFRT prevalence globally. The highest prevalence was found in the GBD high-income regions, while the lowest was observed in sub-Saharan Africa. KFRT prevalence was generally higher in countries classified within the World Bank's high-income and upper-middle-income groups, while lower prevalence was more common in countries within the World Bank's low-income and lower-middle-income groups. Additionally, a pronounced sex disparity was identified, where male dialysis and transplant prevalence estimates were consistently higher than those for females in most countries. Type 2 diabetes and hypertension were among the leading associated aetiologies of KFRT globally. From 1990 to 2023, the all-age and age-standardised prevalence estimates across the ascribed aetiologies increased for KFRT, with the largest increases associated with type 2 diabetes and hypertension.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Table. Age-standardised prevalence of kidney failure with replacement therapy in 1990 and 2023<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/td><\/td>Age-standardised prevalence per 100\u2008000<\/strong><\/th>Number of cases<\/strong><\/th><\/tr>
<\/td><\/td>1990<\/th>2023<\/th>1990<\/th>2023<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Global<\/strong><\/td>36\u00b78 (33\u00b70\u201341\u00b76)<\/strong><\/td>50\u00b77 (46\u00b71\u201356\u00b70)<\/strong><\/td>1\u2008590\u2008000 (1\u2008420\u2008000\u20131\u2008800\u2008000)<\/strong><\/td>4\u2008590\u2008000 (4\u2008170\u2008000\u20135\u2008080\u2008000)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Central Europe, eastern Europe, and central Asia<\/strong><\/td>18\u00b77 (17\u00b70\u201321\u00b72)<\/strong><\/td>30\u00b70 (27\u00b79\u201332\u00b79)<\/strong><\/td>86\u2008700 (78\u2008100\u201398\u2008400)<\/strong><\/td>179\u2008000 (165\u2008000\u2013195\u2008000)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Central Asia<\/td>28\u00b74 (24\u00b75\u201333\u00b79)<\/td>29\u00b72 (25\u00b72\u201334\u00b74)<\/td>15\u2008000 (13\u2008000\u201317\u2008600)<\/td>28\u2008200 (24\u2008200\u201333\u2008400)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Armenia<\/td>31\u00b76 (26\u00b77\u201337\u00b77)<\/td>32\u00b72 (27\u00b75\u201338\u00b79)<\/td>956 (807\u20131150)<\/td>1390 (1170\u20131700)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Azerbaijan<\/td>26\u00b75 (22\u00b78\u201331\u00b79)<\/td>27\u00b79 (23\u00b76\u201333\u00b78)<\/td>1530 (1310\u20131820)<\/td>3320 (2780\u20134050)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Georgia<\/td>35\u00b77 (30\u00b72\u201342\u00b76)<\/td>39\u00b75 (37\u00b77\u201341\u00b73)<\/td>2180 (1810\u20132620)<\/td>2050 (1940\u20132140)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Kazakhstan<\/td>27\u00b71 (23\u00b75\u201332\u00b75)<\/td>28\u00b72 (24\u00b73\u201333\u00b79)<\/td>3910 (3380\u20134680)<\/td>6010 (5100\u20137230)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Kyrgyzstan<\/td>27\u00b79 (23\u00b78\u201333\u00b73)<\/td>29\u00b71 (25\u00b70\u201334\u00b78)<\/td>925 (787\u20131090)<\/td>1820 (1540\u20132200)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Mongolia<\/td>25\u00b78 (22\u00b71\u201330\u00b76)<\/td>26\u00b70 (22\u00b74\u201330\u00b79)<\/td>342 (300\u2013400)<\/td>784 (671\u2013933)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Tajikistan<\/td>20\u00b73 (19\u00b72\u201321\u00b72)<\/td>25\u00b75 (21\u00b79\u201330\u00b70)<\/td>669 (635\u2013698)<\/td>2010 (1720\u20132350)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Turkmenistan<\/td>26\u00b78 (23\u00b72\u201332\u00b71)<\/td>26\u00b79 (22\u00b78\u201332\u00b70)<\/td>630 (545\u2013745)<\/td>1330 (1120\u20131590)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Uzbekistan<\/td>29\u00b72 (25\u00b72\u201335\u00b74)<\/td>29\u00b76 (25\u00b74\u201335\u00b71)<\/td>3830 (3340\u20134530)<\/td>9520 (8110\u201311\u2008300)<\/td><\/tr>
Central Europe<\/td>29\u00b71 (26\u00b78\u201332\u00b70)<\/td>54\u00b74 (51\u00b74\u201358\u00b71)<\/td>42\u2008200 (38\u2008700\u201346\u2008500)<\/td>99\u2008300 (93\u2008800\u2013106\u2008000)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Albania<\/td>36\u00b70 (30\u00b75\u201342\u00b75)<\/td>35\u00b70 (34\u00b71\u201336\u00b70)<\/td>922 (780\u20131080)<\/td>1320 (1280\u20131360)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Bosnia and Herzegovina<\/td>43\u00b74 (37\u00b71\u201351\u00b78)<\/td>48\u00b78 (47\u00b72\u201350\u00b74)<\/td>1940 (1630\u20132330)<\/td>2650 (2550\u20132740)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Bulgaria<\/td>21\u00b72 (19\u00b72\u201323\u00b77)<\/td>34\u00b73 (33\u00b74\u201335\u00b73)<\/td>2460 (2210\u20132750)<\/td>4150 (4030\u20134290)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Croatia<\/td>50\u00b75 (48\u00b79\u201352\u00b72)<\/td>53\u00b71 (51\u00b79\u201355\u00b70)<\/td>3090 (2980\u20133190)<\/td>3430 (3350\u20133540)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Czechia<\/td>46\u00b77 (44\u00b79\u201348\u00b71)<\/td>70\u00b79 (69\u00b71\u201372\u00b74)<\/td>5830 (5610\u20136020)<\/td>11\u2008600 (11\u2008400\u201312\u2008000)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Hungary<\/td>24\u00b78 (22\u00b73\u201327\u00b76)<\/td>47\u00b79 (46\u00b70\u201349\u00b78)<\/td>3280 (2930\u20133690)<\/td>7430 (7160\u20137730)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Montenegro<\/td>21\u00b71 (18\u00b74\u201324\u00b75)<\/td>21\u00b72 (19\u00b76\u201323\u00b73)<\/td>132 (115\u2013152)<\/td>195 (179\u2013215)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>North Macedonia<\/td>44\u00b71 (42\u00b70\u201346\u00b76)<\/td>57\u00b76 (56\u00b72\u201359\u00b73)<\/td>866 (821\u2013916)<\/td>1640 (1600\u20131700)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Poland<\/td>25\u00b76 (22\u00b73\u201329\u00b74)<\/td>56\u00b74 (49\u00b73\u201364\u00b76)<\/td>11\u2008100 (9620\u201312\u2008700)<\/td>33\u2008200 (29\u2008100\u201338\u2008500)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Romania<\/td>15\u00b70 (13\u00b79\u201316\u00b74)<\/td>63\u00b71 (61\u00b73\u201365\u00b71)<\/td>4060 (3750\u20134430)<\/td>20\u2008100 (19\u2008400\u201320\u2008700)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Serbia<\/td>41\u00b75 (35\u00b79\u201349\u00b74)<\/td>46\u00b71 (44\u00b78\u201347\u00b74)<\/td>4470 (3840\u20135300)<\/td>6500 (6310\u20136690)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Slovakia<\/td>34\u00b70 (31\u00b77\u201337\u00b70)<\/td>44\u00b72 (43\u00b70\u201345\u00b72)<\/td>1980 (1850\u20132160)<\/td>3770 (3670\u20133850)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Slovenia<\/td>57\u00b72 (53\u00b79\u201360\u00b71)<\/td>54\u00b72 (41\u00b77\u201362\u00b79)<\/td>1340 (1260\u20131410)<\/td>1840 (1390\u20132160)<\/td><\/tr>
Eastern Europe<\/td>11\u00b72 (10\u00b70\u201312\u00b78)<\/td>16\u00b74 (14\u00b79\u201318\u00b74)<\/td>29\u2008600 (26\u2008200\u201334\u2008000)<\/td>51\u2008500 (46\u2008500\u201357\u2008500)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Belarus<\/td>15\u00b77 (14\u00b79\u201316\u00b76)<\/td>26\u00b70 (25\u00b72\u201326\u00b77)<\/td>1880 (1780\u20131990)<\/td>3580 (3480\u20133700)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Estonia<\/td>20\u00b76 (19\u00b73\u201321\u00b75)<\/td>45\u00b77 (44\u00b74\u201346\u00b78)<\/td>380 (357\u2013398)<\/td>898 (876\u2013920)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Latvia<\/td>21\u00b76 (20\u00b73\u201322\u00b79)<\/td>42\u00b70 (40\u00b78\u201343\u00b72)<\/td>705 (663\u2013744)<\/td>1180 (1150\u20131220)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Lithuania<\/td>26\u00b72 (24\u00b77\u201327\u00b79)<\/td>49\u00b76 (48\u00b75\u201350\u00b76)<\/td>1100 (1040\u20131170)<\/td>2190 (2140\u20132240)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Moldova<\/td>3\u00b780 (3\u00b730\u20134\u00b750)<\/td>3\u00b790 (3\u00b740\u20134\u00b760)<\/td>174 (150\u2013204)<\/td>207 (177\u2013248)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Russia<\/td>11\u00b73 (10\u00b70\u201313\u00b72)<\/td>16\u00b71 (14\u00b75\u201318\u00b73)<\/td>19\u2008600 (17\u2008300\u201322\u2008900)<\/td>35\u2008400 (31\u2008600\u201340\u2008000)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Ukraine<\/td>8\u00b770 (7\u00b760\u201310\u00b72)<\/td>12\u00b70 (10\u00b77\u201314\u00b70)<\/td>5720 (4960\u20136670)<\/td>8060 (7090\u20139450)<\/td><\/tr>
High income<\/strong><\/td>64\u00b76 (59\u00b70\u201371\u00b74)<\/strong><\/td>111 (104\u2013119)<\/strong><\/td>710\u2008000 (645\u2008000\u2013782\u2008000)<\/strong><\/td>1\u2008970\u2008000 (1\u2008830\u2008000\u20132\u2008110\u2008000)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Australasia<\/td>37\u00b78 (36\u00b71\u201339\u00b77)<\/td>67\u00b73 (65\u00b76\u201369\u00b78)<\/td>8410 (8010\u20138840)<\/td>31\u2008000 (30\u2008200\u201332\u2008200)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Australia<\/td>39\u00b78 (38\u00b73\u201341\u00b74)<\/td>69\u00b70 (67\u00b75\u201371\u00b70)<\/td>7390 (7100\u20137700)<\/td>27\u2008000 (26\u2008400\u201327\u2008700)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>New Zealand<\/td>27\u00b78 (23\u00b71\u201335\u00b78)<\/td>57\u00b78 (49\u00b76\u201367\u00b77)<\/td>1010 (840\u20131300)<\/td>4010 (3450\u20134610)<\/td><\/tr>
High-income Asia Pacific<\/td>105 (92\u00b77\u2013121)<\/td>134 (124\u2013146)<\/td>212\u2008000 (187\u2008000\u2013246\u2008000)<\/td>479\u2008000 (441\u2008000\u2013524\u2008000)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Brunei<\/td>143 (132\u2013152)<\/td>96\u00b79 (83\u00b71\u2013116)<\/td>207 (195\u2013219)<\/td>466 (398\u2013557)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Japan<\/td>121 (106\u2013141)<\/td>141 (128\u2013159)<\/td>199\u2008000 (173\u2008000\u2013232\u2008000)<\/td>361\u2008000 (324\u2008000\u2013406\u2008000)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>South Korea<\/td>31\u00b76 (30\u00b73\u201333\u00b70)<\/td>117 (115\u2013118)<\/td>11\u2008800 (11\u2008300\u201312\u2008200)<\/td>105\u2008000 (103\u2008000\u2013106\u2008000)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Singapore<\/td>62\u00b79 (60\u00b70\u201366\u00b70)<\/td>136 (130\u2013141)<\/td>1710 (1640\u20131790)<\/td>12\u2008300 (11\u2008700\u201312\u2008700)<\/td><\/tr>
High-income North America<\/td>77\u00b71 (68\u00b78\u201386\u00b73)<\/td>165 (154\u2013176)<\/td>247\u2008000 (220\u2008000\u2013277\u2008000)<\/td>921\u2008000 (851\u2008000\u2013986\u2008000)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Canada<\/td>38\u00b77 (38\u00b70\u201339\u00b74)<\/td>75\u00b72 (72\u00b77\u201377\u00b73)<\/td>12\u2008200 (11\u2008900\u201312\u2008400)<\/td>44\u2008900 (43\u2008300\u201346\u2008400)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Greenland<\/td>61\u00b70 (53\u00b79\u201368\u00b79)<\/td>66\u00b72 (58\u00b76\u201375\u00b70)<\/td>28\u00b73 (25\u00b72\u201332\u00b70)<\/td>47\u00b77 (41\u00b74\u201354\u00b77)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>USA<\/td>81\u00b73 (72\u00b72\u201391\u00b75)<\/td>176 (163\u2013189)<\/td>235\u2008000 (208\u2008000\u2013265\u2008000)<\/td>876\u2008000 (808\u2008000\u2013940\u2008000)<\/td><\/tr>
Southern Latin America<\/td>51\u00b72 (49\u00b74\u201353\u00b74)<\/td>58\u00b71 (54\u00b73\u201363\u00b74)<\/td>24\u2008200 (23\u2008300\u201325\u2008300)<\/td>50\u2008300 (47\u2008000\u201355\u2008000)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Argentina<\/td>51\u00b71 (49\u00b71\u201353\u00b75)<\/td>55\u00b74 (51\u00b74\u201360\u00b75)<\/td>16\u2008600 (16\u2008000\u201317\u2008400)<\/td>31\u2008300 (29\u2008000\u201334\u2008200)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Chile<\/td>56\u00b72 (53\u00b79\u201358\u00b74)<\/td>64\u00b78 (60\u00b72\u201370\u00b73)<\/td>6210 (5960\u20136460)<\/td>16\u2008300 (15\u2008100\u201317\u2008700)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Uruguay<\/td>38\u00b72 (36\u00b76\u201340\u00b70)<\/td>55\u00b73 (52\u00b75\u201358\u00b78)<\/td>1380 (1320\u20131450)<\/td>2650 (2490\u20132810)<\/td><\/tr>
Western Europe<\/td>43\u00b72 (40\u00b76\u201346\u00b72)<\/td>66\u00b76 (63\u00b70\u201371\u00b73)<\/td>217\u2008000 (205\u2008000\u2013232\u2008000)<\/td>484\u2008000 (457\u2008000\u2013519\u2008000)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Andorra<\/td>49\u00b73 (44\u00b73\u201354\u00b78)<\/td>52\u00b75 (47\u00b72\u201360\u00b73)<\/td>29\u00b79 (26\u00b77\u201333\u00b74)<\/td>75\u00b78 (68\u00b70\u201387\u00b74)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Austria<\/td>41\u00b72 (39\u00b76\u201343\u00b71)<\/td>66\u00b72 (65\u00b70\u201367\u00b75)<\/td>4140 (3970\u20134360)<\/td>9770 (9580\u201310\u2008000)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Belgium<\/td>44\u00b72 (42\u00b74\u201346\u00b71)<\/td>79\u00b72 (77\u00b75\u201381\u00b70)<\/td>5850 (5610\u20136120)<\/td>14\u2008800 (14\u2008400\u201315\u2008100)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Cyprus<\/td>26\u00b79 (25\u00b77\u201327\u00b79)<\/td>57\u00b76 (50\u00b79\u201365\u00b71)<\/td>218 (209\u2013226)<\/td>1080 (960\u20131220)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Denmark<\/td>36\u00b78 (34\u00b78\u201338\u00b78)<\/td>60\u00b74 (59\u00b76\u201361\u00b74)<\/td>2510 (2360\u20132670)<\/td>5560 (5490\u20135660)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Finland<\/td>33\u00b78 (32\u00b74\u201335\u00b76)<\/td>56\u00b73 (55\u00b72\u201357\u00b74)<\/td>2150 (2060\u20132270)<\/td>4990 (4890\u20135090)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>France<\/td>44\u00b79 (43\u00b70\u201347\u00b71)<\/td>80\u00b73 (78\u00b74\u201382\u00b70)<\/td>32\u2008500 (31\u2008100\u201334\u2008100)<\/td>89\u2008200 (86\u2008600\u201391\u2008500)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Germany<\/td>42\u00b75 (41\u00b70\u201344\u00b73)<\/td>52\u00b70 (45\u00b75\u201361\u00b73)<\/td>47\u2008600 (45\u2008800\u201349\u2008600)<\/td>77\u2008900 (67\u2008800\u201392\u2008700)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Greece<\/td>35\u00b70 (32\u00b78\u201337\u00b78)<\/td>72\u00b77 (70\u00b78\u201374\u00b76)<\/td>4870 (4520\u20135300)<\/td>14\u2008400 (14\u2008000\u201314\u2008800)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Iceland<\/td>29\u00b72 (27\u00b78\u201330\u00b76)<\/td>52\u00b75 (51\u00b76\u201353\u00b75)<\/td>77\u00b73 (73\u00b74\u201381\u00b72)<\/td>269 (263\u2013273)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Ireland<\/td>20\u00b73 (19\u00b77\u201321\u00b71)<\/td>29\u00b76 (26\u00b74\u201334\u00b70)<\/td>779 (751\u2013809)<\/td>2230 (1980\u20132570)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Israel<\/td>41\u00b77 (40\u00b75\u201342\u00b79)<\/td>79\u00b75 (77\u00b78\u201381\u00b71)<\/td>1980 (1920\u20132040)<\/td>9090 (8890\u20139270)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Italy<\/td>41\u00b74 (36\u00b76\u201347\u00b78)<\/td>55\u00b78 (49\u00b72\u201364\u00b75)<\/td>32\u2008600 (28\u2008700\u201337\u2008900)<\/td>61\u2008300 (53\u2008600\u201371\u2008600)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Luxembourg<\/td>27\u00b72 (26\u00b72\u201328\u00b76)<\/td>37\u00b79 (32\u00b73\u201345\u00b79)<\/td>138 (133\u2013146)<\/td>369 (313\u2013453)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Malta<\/td>44\u00b79 (40\u00b73\u201349\u00b79)<\/td>50\u00b71 (44\u00b77\u201357\u00b73)<\/td>190 (170\u2013212)<\/td>432 (382\u2013497)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Monaco<\/td>45\u00b72 (40\u00b73\u201350\u00b78)<\/td>48\u00b71 (43\u00b70\u201355\u00b70)<\/td>24\u00b70 (21\u00b72\u201327\u00b72)<\/td>36\u00b71 (32\u00b72\u201341\u00b76)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Netherlands<\/td>41\u00b72 (39\u00b73\u201343\u00b73)<\/td>64\u00b71 (62\u00b76\u201365\u00b75)<\/td>7460 (7090\u20137840)<\/td>18\u2008000 (17\u2008500\u201318\u2008400)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Norway<\/td>42\u00b74 (35\u00b77\u201351\u00b79)<\/td>66\u00b74 (56\u00b70\u201380\u00b70)<\/td>2220 (1890\u20132690)<\/td>5310 (4560\u20136320)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Portugal<\/td>51\u00b77 (49\u00b72\u201354\u00b79)<\/td>111 (110\u2013113)<\/td>6610 (6280\u20137060)<\/td>20\u2008700 (20\u2008400\u201321\u2008000)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>San Marino<\/td>49\u00b70 (44\u00b76\u201354\u00b79)<\/td>51\u00b78 (46\u00b79\u201359\u00b71)<\/td>13\u00b77 (12\u00b73\u201315\u00b74)<\/td>33\u00b71 (29\u00b73\u201338\u00b75)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Spain<\/td>32\u00b70 (30\u00b73\u201334\u00b70)<\/td>77\u00b78 (76\u00b78\u201378\u00b78)<\/td>14\u2008900 (14\u2008100\u201315\u2008800)<\/td>60\u2008000 (59\u2008200\u201360\u2008800)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Sweden<\/td>44\u00b72 (42\u00b70\u201346\u00b76)<\/td>67\u00b76 (65\u00b79\u201369\u00b73)<\/td>5190 (4920\u20135500)<\/td>10\u2008900 (10\u2008500\u201311\u2008200)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Switzerland<\/td>38\u00b74 (37\u00b70\u201340\u00b72)<\/td>55\u00b79 (54\u00b78\u201357\u00b74)<\/td>3430 (3290\u20133590)<\/td>7990 (7820\u20138200)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>UK<\/td>55\u00b74 (48\u00b79\u201362\u00b78)<\/td>67\u00b74 (59\u00b73\u201377\u00b77)<\/td>41\u2008800 (37\u2008100\u201347\u2008000)<\/td>69\u2008000 (61\u2008100\u201377\u2008700)<\/td><\/tr>
Latin America and Caribbean<\/strong><\/td>36\u00b77 (32\u00b75\u201342\u00b76)<\/strong><\/td>61\u00b72 (55\u00b70\u201369\u00b77)<\/strong><\/td>98\u2008300 (87\u2008800\u2013115\u2008000)<\/strong><\/td>406\u2008000 (365\u2008000\u2013464\u2008000)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Andean Latin America<\/td>18\u00b73 (16\u00b70\u201320\u00b77)<\/td>24\u00b78 (22\u00b72\u201329\u00b72)<\/td>4580 (4040\u20135150)<\/td>16\u2008700 (14\u2008900\u201319\u2008700)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Bolivia<\/td>13\u00b73 (8\u00b730\u201315\u00b77)<\/td>22\u00b73 (19\u00b73\u201329\u00b72)<\/td>551 (366\u2013643)<\/td>2520 (2190\u20133280)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Ecuador<\/td>14\u00b78 (12\u00b73\u201317\u00b73)<\/td>23\u00b71 (20\u00b71\u201329\u00b70)<\/td>962 (818\u20131120)<\/td>4180 (3640\u20135250)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Peru<\/td>21\u00b73 (19\u00b73\u201323\u00b75)<\/td>26\u00b75 (24\u00b70\u201330\u00b70)<\/td>3060 (2790\u20133380)<\/td>10\u2008000 (9060\u201311\u2008400)<\/td><\/tr>
Caribbean<\/td>29\u00b77 (26\u00b75\u201333\u00b79)<\/td>34\u00b74 (31\u00b71\u201339\u00b71)<\/td>8390 (7490\u20139520)<\/td>19\u2008100 (17\u2008200\u201321\u2008800)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Antigua and Barbuda<\/td>41\u00b73 (33\u00b79\u201350\u00b72)<\/td>41\u00b70 (33\u00b79\u201349\u00b79)<\/td>21\u00b71 (17\u00b75\u201325\u00b77)<\/td>47\u00b70 (38\u00b75\u201357\u00b74)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>The Bahamas<\/td>46\u00b79 (38\u00b79\u201356\u00b76)<\/td>46\u00b71 (38\u00b77\u201356\u00b72)<\/td>86\u00b73 (72\u00b70\u2013104)<\/td>220 (181\u2013270)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Barbados<\/td>46\u00b78 (39\u00b70\u201356\u00b77)<\/td>47\u00b71 (38\u00b75\u201358\u00b74)<\/td>123 (103\u2013150)<\/td>222 (177\u2013280)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Belize<\/td>39\u00b74 (32\u00b78\u201347\u00b77)<\/td>37\u00b78 (31\u00b71\u201346\u00b73)<\/td>41\u00b76 (35\u00b74\u201349\u00b72)<\/td>135 (111\u2013164)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Bermuda<\/td>46\u00b75 (37\u00b79\u201356\u00b79)<\/td>49\u00b72 (41\u00b73\u201360\u00b70)<\/td>30\u00b76 (25\u00b71\u201337\u00b76)<\/td>55\u00b75 (45\u00b75\u201368\u00b77)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Cuba<\/td>14\u00b77 (13\u00b78\u201316\u00b74)<\/td>20\u00b70 (18\u00b74\u201321\u00b76)<\/td>1560 (1460\u20131730)<\/td>3490 (3220\u20133770)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Dominica<\/td>37\u00b73 (31\u00b70\u201346\u00b70)<\/td>37\u00b73 (30\u00b77\u201346\u00b73)<\/td>24\u00b76 (20\u00b75\u201330\u00b73)<\/td>33\u00b73 (27\u00b73\u201341\u00b78)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Dominican Republic<\/td>29\u00b72 (24\u00b72\u201334\u00b79)<\/td>25\u00b79 (23\u00b75\u201329\u00b74)<\/td>1300 (1090\u20131550)<\/td>2830 (2580\u20133220)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Grenada<\/td>36\u00b79 (30\u00b77\u201344\u00b77)<\/td>37\u00b70 (30\u00b75\u201344\u00b77)<\/td>28\u00b72 (23\u00b76\u201334\u00b72)<\/td>53\u00b79 (43\u00b75\u201365\u00b78)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Guyana<\/td>33\u00b76 (27\u00b77\u201340\u00b78)<\/td>32\u00b75 (27\u00b71\u201339\u00b78)<\/td>158 (132\u2013188)<\/td>256 (210\u2013314)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Haiti<\/td>29\u00b78 (24\u00b78\u201336\u00b70)<\/td>28\u00b77 (23\u00b74\u201335\u00b73)<\/td>1160 (972\u20131380)<\/td>2790 (2330\u20133420)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Jamaica<\/td>26\u00b78 (22\u00b71\u201332\u00b78)<\/td>25\u00b78 (21\u00b72\u201331\u00b76)<\/td>479 (395\u2013587)<\/td>825 (674\u20131010)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Puerto Rico<\/td>69\u00b76 (63\u00b79\u201376\u00b70)<\/td>102 (93\u00b75\u2013110)<\/td>2530 (2320\u20132770)<\/td>6360 (5800\u20136980)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Saint Kitts and Nevis<\/td>35\u00b72 (28\u00b79\u201343\u00b72)<\/td>36\u00b70 (29\u00b79\u201344\u00b75)<\/td>12\u00b74 (10\u00b73\u201315\u00b70)<\/td>22\u00b70 (17\u00b77\u201327\u00b74)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Saint Lucia<\/td>38\u00b70 (31\u00b79\u201346\u00b72)<\/td>38\u00b76 (32\u00b74\u201347\u00b76)<\/td>36\u00b74 (30\u00b78\u201343\u00b76)<\/td>92\u00b74 (76\u00b76\u2013115)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<\/td>37\u00b75 (31\u00b72\u201345\u00b71)<\/td>37\u00b74 (31\u00b71\u201345\u00b72)<\/td>28\u00b77 (24\u00b71\u201334\u00b73)<\/td>55\u00b79 (46\u00b72\u201367\u00b78)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Suriname<\/td>35\u00b79 (29\u00b74\u201343\u00b76)<\/td>34\u00b75 (28\u00b79\u201342\u00b73)<\/td>107 (88\u00b74\u2013127)<\/td>232 (191\u2013285)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Trinidad and Tobago<\/td>34\u00b71 (28\u00b72\u201340\u00b78)<\/td>34\u00b71 (28\u00b75\u201341\u00b78)<\/td>314 (262\u2013374)<\/td>643 (529\u2013804)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Virgin Islands<\/td>66\u00b79 (55\u00b74\u201382\u00b78)<\/td>86\u00b72 (67\u00b77\u2013110)<\/td>64\u00b70 (52\u00b78\u201378\u00b79)<\/td>145 (109\u2013192)<\/td><\/tr>
Central Latin America<\/td>40\u00b70 (35\u00b79\u201345\u00b75)<\/td>80\u00b71 (71\u00b70\u201391\u00b75)<\/td>41\u2008600 (37\u2008700\u201347\u2008800)<\/td>220\u2008000 (196\u2008000\u2013252\u2008000)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Colombia<\/td>22\u00b76 (21\u00b70\u201324\u00b73)<\/td>35\u00b72 (32\u00b70\u201338\u00b76)<\/td>4970 (4630\u20135390)<\/td>20\u2008700 (18\u2008800\u201322\u2008700)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Costa Rica<\/td>19\u00b78 (18\u00b77\u201321\u00b70)<\/td>30\u00b79 (28\u00b76\u201333\u00b76)<\/td>427 (402\u2013450)<\/td>1890 (1740\u20132050)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>El Salvador<\/td>24\u00b73 (13\u00b73\u201329\u00b70)<\/td>37\u00b75 (34\u00b74\u201342\u00b72)<\/td>847 (487\u20131000)<\/td>2340 (2150\u20132640)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Guatemala<\/td>18\u00b76 (16\u00b70\u201321\u00b71)<\/td>25\u00b79 (23\u00b76\u201329\u00b72)<\/td>868 (763\u2013979)<\/td>3430 (3100\u20133850)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Honduras<\/td>15\u00b77 (8\u00b720\u201320\u00b73)<\/td>21\u00b75 (19\u00b73\u201324\u00b79)<\/td>420 (234\u2013523)<\/td>1790 (1600\u20132070)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Mexico<\/td>55\u00b73 (48\u00b78\u201364\u00b77)<\/td>126 (111\u2013146)<\/td>29\u2008600 (26\u2008200\u201334\u2008600)<\/td>178\u2008000 (156\u2008000\u2013206\u2008000)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Nicaragua<\/td>10\u00b71 (8\u00b730\u201312\u00b75)<\/td>9\u00b790 (9\u00b700\u201311\u00b72)<\/td>197 (163\u2013241)<\/td>583 (528\u2013662)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Panama<\/td>24\u00b75 (19\u00b70\u201329\u00b76)<\/td>33\u00b73 (30\u00b72\u201336\u00b79)<\/td>426 (333\u2013510)<\/td>1500 (1360\u20131660)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Venezuela<\/td>32\u00b79 (31\u00b75\u201334\u00b72)<\/td>32\u00b72 (29\u00b71\u201335\u00b76)<\/td>3890 (3740\u20134050)<\/td>10\u2008100 (9100\u201311\u2008200)<\/td><\/tr>
Tropical Latin America<\/td>39\u00b76 (34\u00b77\u201347\u00b70)<\/td>56\u00b74 (50\u00b78\u201364\u00b70)<\/td>43\u2008700 (38\u2008300\u201352\u2008500)<\/td>150\u2008000 (135\u2008000\u2013171\u2008000)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Brazil<\/td>40\u00b73 (35\u00b73\u201347\u00b78)<\/td>57\u00b74 (51\u00b77\u201365\u00b72)<\/td>43\u2008400 (38\u2008000\u201352\u2008200)<\/td>149\u2008000 (134\u2008000\u2013170\u2008000)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Paraguay<\/td>12\u00b77 (12\u00b72\u201313\u00b72)<\/td>13\u00b72 (11\u00b78\u201314\u00b76)<\/td>327 (314\u2013342)<\/td>816 (731\u2013905)<\/td><\/tr>
North Africa and Middle East<\/strong><\/td>24\u00b70 (21\u00b77\u201326\u00b76)<\/strong><\/td>41\u00b74 (38\u00b71\u201345\u00b78)<\/strong><\/td>51\u2008900 (47\u2008200\u201358\u2008400)<\/strong><\/td>230\u2008000 (212\u2008000\u2013255\u2008000)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
North Africa and Middle East<\/td>24\u00b70 (21\u00b77\u201326\u00b76)<\/td>41\u00b74 (38\u00b71\u201345\u00b78)<\/td>51\u2008900 (47\u2008200\u201358\u2008400)<\/td>230\u2008000 (212\u2008000\u2013255\u2008000)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Afghanistan<\/td>21\u00b75 (18\u00b73\u201325\u00b77)<\/td>19\u00b77 (16\u00b77\u201323\u00b76)<\/td>1590 (1330\u20131920)<\/td>3480 (3010\u20134150)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Algeria<\/td>13\u00b71 (12\u00b70\u201314\u00b74)<\/td>17\u00b77 (14\u00b78\u201321\u00b75)<\/td>2050 (1850\u20132300)<\/td>7550 (6240\u20139270)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Bahrain<\/td>32\u00b77 (27\u00b76\u201339\u00b74)<\/td>33\u00b77 (28\u00b77\u201340\u00b77)<\/td>102 (87\u00b79\u2013126)<\/td>519 (433\u2013629)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Egypt<\/td>23\u00b76 (21\u00b78\u201325\u00b79)<\/td>31\u00b74 (26\u00b70\u201338\u00b74)<\/td>8030 (7420\u20138840)<\/td>26\u2008300 (21\u2008600\u201332\u2008400)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Iran<\/td>33\u00b75 (29\u00b75\u201338\u00b79)<\/td>45\u00b78 (40\u00b77\u201353\u00b74)<\/td>11\u2008500 (10\u2008100\u201313\u2008400)<\/td>42\u2008500 (37\u2008500\u201349\u2008500)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Iraq<\/td>26\u00b77 (22\u00b74\u201331\u00b79)<\/td>26\u00b76 (22\u00b76\u201331\u00b77)<\/td>2680 (2290\u20133140)<\/td>8800 (7450\u201310\u2008600)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Jordan<\/td>35\u00b78 (30\u00b73\u201342\u00b77)<\/td>38\u00b73 (35\u00b70\u201342\u00b72)<\/td>686 (586\u2013799)<\/td>4380 (3990\u20134850)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Kuwait<\/td>27\u00b79 (15\u00b75\u201332\u00b76)<\/td>53\u00b74 (45\u00b79\u201359\u00b73)<\/td>271 (157\u2013316)<\/td>2290 (1940\u20132560)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Lebanon<\/td>9\u00b760 (5\u00b770\u201311\u00b75)<\/td>20\u00b74 (17\u00b73\u201324\u00b75)<\/td>248 (156\u2013296)<\/td>1260 (1070\u20131510)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Libya<\/td>18\u00b71 (16\u00b74\u201320\u00b74)<\/td>27\u00b75 (23\u00b71\u201333\u00b78)<\/td>441 (397\u2013500)<\/td>1840 (1530\u20132280)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Morocco<\/td>10\u00b70 (9\u00b710\u201311\u00b76)<\/td>17\u00b70 (14\u00b74\u201320\u00b76)<\/td>1820 (1630\u20132120)<\/td>6590 (5550\u20138020)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Oman<\/td>40\u00b76 (34\u00b73\u201348\u00b77)<\/td>64\u00b74 (63\u00b71\u201365\u00b79)<\/td>440 (373\u2013528)<\/td>2370 (2320\u20132440)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Palestine<\/td>28\u00b77 (24\u00b71\u201334\u00b77)<\/td>29\u00b70 (24\u00b73\u201334\u00b78)<\/td>314 (268\u2013371)<\/td>1060 (888\u20131260)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Qatar<\/td>41\u00b73 (34\u00b76\u201349\u00b77)<\/td>48\u00b76 (44\u00b79\u201352\u00b71)<\/td>110 (91\u00b72\u2013137)<\/td>1150 (1040\u20131250)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Saudi Arabia<\/td>54\u00b71 (51\u00b72\u201357\u00b72)<\/td>69\u00b71 (61\u00b77\u201381\u00b71)<\/td>4760 (4520\u20135040)<\/td>17\u2008200 (15\u2008600\u201319\u2008700)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Sudan<\/td>9\u00b770 (5\u00b780\u201311\u00b75)<\/td>14\u00b70 (11\u00b79\u201317\u00b71)<\/td>1120 (753\u20131330)<\/td>3910 (3310\u20134720)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Syria<\/td>28\u00b72 (23\u00b76\u201333\u00b73)<\/td>27\u00b77 (23\u00b74\u201333\u00b71)<\/td>1890 (1600\u20132200)<\/td>4530 (3790\u20135530)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Tunisia<\/td>40\u00b79 (38\u00b70\u201344\u00b73)<\/td>28\u00b71 (17\u00b79\u201332\u00b77)<\/td>2420 (2260\u20132610)<\/td>3980 (2510\u20134640)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>T\u00fcrkiye<\/td>21\u00b75 (19\u00b76\u201324\u00b70)<\/td>80\u00b79 (78\u00b78\u201383\u00b71)<\/td>9490 (8600\u201310\u2008700)<\/td>81\u2008900 (79\u2008800\u201384\u2008100)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>United Arab Emirates<\/td>32\u00b75 (27\u00b75\u201338\u00b76)<\/td>33\u00b79 (28\u00b75\u201341\u00b79)<\/td>340 (287\u2013423)<\/td>3690 (2860\u20134620)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Yemen<\/td>24\u00b74 (20\u00b77\u201329\u00b72)<\/td>23\u00b75 (20\u00b71\u201328\u00b73)<\/td>1600 (1370\u20131890)<\/td>4880 (4250\u20135900)<\/td><\/tr>
South Asia<\/strong><\/td>9\u00b780 (8\u00b750\u201311\u00b75)<\/strong><\/td>11\u00b75 (10\u00b76\u201312\u00b77)<\/strong><\/td>79\u2008500 (69\u2008400\u201394\u2008300)<\/strong><\/td>210\u2008000 (192\u2008000\u2013232\u2008000)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
South Asia<\/td>9\u00b780 (8\u00b750\u201311\u00b75)<\/td>11\u00b75 (10\u00b76\u201312\u00b77)<\/td>79\u2008500 (69\u2008400\u201394\u2008300)<\/td>210\u2008000 (192\u2008000\u2013232\u2008000)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Bangladesh<\/td>6\u00b740 (6\u00b700\u20136\u00b780)<\/td>14\u00b77 (13\u00b79\u201315\u00b76)<\/td>4580 (4280\u20134930)<\/td>23\u2008500 (22\u2008400\u201325\u2008200)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Bhutan<\/td>10\u00b74 (8\u00b780\u201312\u00b76)<\/td>10\u00b75 (8\u00b790\u201312\u00b78)<\/td>42\u00b78 (36\u00b76\u201352\u00b74)<\/td>79\u00b73 (67\u00b74\u201397\u00b70)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>India<\/td>10\u00b71 (8\u00b770\u201311\u00b79)<\/td>11\u00b74 (10\u00b74\u201312\u00b76)<\/td>65\u2008700 (56\u2008400\u201378\u2008500)<\/td>165\u2008000 (150\u2008000\u2013182\u2008000)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Nepal<\/td>9\u00b760 (8\u00b710\u201311\u00b76)<\/td>9\u00b760 (8\u00b710\u201311\u00b76)<\/td>1330 (1120\u20131600)<\/td>2840 (2390\u20133420)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Pakistan<\/td>10\u00b72 (9\u00b710\u201312\u00b70)<\/td>9\u00b770 (8\u00b770\u201311\u00b75)<\/td>7890 (7010\u20139130)<\/td>18\u2008100 (16\u2008000\u201321\u2008400)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Southeast Asia, east Asia, and Oceania<\/strong><\/td>43\u00b79 (38\u00b78\u201350\u00b76)<\/strong><\/td>51\u00b76 (45\u00b74\u201359\u00b75)<\/strong><\/td>555\u2008000 (489\u2008000\u2013638\u2008000)<\/strong><\/td>1\u2008580\u2008000 (1\u2008380\u2008000\u20131\u2008830\u2008000)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>East Asia<\/td>47\u00b70 (41\u00b75\u201354\u00b72)<\/td>55\u00b74 (48\u00b77\u201364\u00b72)<\/td>454\u2008000 (402\u2008000\u2013523\u2008000)<\/td>1\u2008280\u2008000 (1\u2008110\u2008000\u20131\u2008500\u2008000)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>China<\/td>44\u00b79 (39\u00b75\u201352\u00b72)<\/td>53\u00b71 (46\u00b75\u201361\u00b78)<\/td>419\u2008000 (368\u2008000\u2013485\u2008000)<\/td>1\u2008180\u2008000 (1\u2008030\u2008000\u20131\u2008390\u2008000)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>North Korea<\/td>74\u00b72 (62\u00b78\u201387\u00b78)<\/td>76\u00b73 (63\u00b79\u201392\u00b72)<\/td>12\u2008700 (10\u2008700\u201315\u2008100)<\/td>26\u2008300 (21\u2008900\u201332\u2008100)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Taiwan (province of China)<\/td>130 (119\u2013141)<\/td>160 (149\u2013171)<\/td>22\u2008700 (20\u2008800\u201324\u2008700)<\/td>67\u2008500 (62\u2008500\u201372\u2008500)<\/td><\/tr>
Oceania<\/td>48\u00b73 (40\u00b71\u201359\u00b70)<\/td>47\u00b75 (39\u00b70\u201358\u00b71)<\/td>1670 (1380\u20132010)<\/td>4470 (3660\u20135470)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>American Samoa<\/td>52\u00b75 (43\u00b76\u201364\u00b73)<\/td>50\u00b79 (42\u00b71\u201362\u00b76)<\/td>14\u00b72 (11\u00b78\u201317\u00b72)<\/td>25\u00b77 (20\u00b78\u201331\u00b79)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Cook Islands<\/td>59\u00b72 (48\u00b75\u201373\u00b70)<\/td>61\u00b70 (50\u00b78\u201374\u00b78)<\/td>7\u00b792 (6\u00b745\u20139\u00b775)<\/td>11\u00b78 (9\u00b763\u201314\u00b76)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Federated States of Micronesia<\/td>43\u00b79 (36\u00b74\u201354\u00b73)<\/td>42\u00b79 (35\u00b75\u201353\u00b72)<\/td>23\u00b79 (20\u00b70\u201329\u00b75)<\/td>36\u00b76 (30\u00b70\u201345\u00b78)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Fiji<\/td>47\u00b78 (39\u00b76\u201358\u00b76)<\/td>46\u00b75 (38\u00b78\u201357\u00b75)<\/td>205 (171\u2013249)<\/td>401 (329\u2013495)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Guam<\/td>61\u00b71 (50\u00b79\u201375\u00b73)<\/td>60\u00b72 (49\u00b72\u201372\u00b79)<\/td>55\u00b77 (46\u00b75\u201368\u00b73)<\/td>125 (100\u2013154)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Kiribati<\/td>40\u00b77 (33\u00b77\u201350\u00b74)<\/td>39\u00b71 (32\u00b76\u201347\u00b79)<\/td>17\u00b70 (14\u00b71\u201321\u00b71)<\/td>34\u00b73 (28\u00b73\u201341\u00b76)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Marshall Islands<\/td>44\u00b71 (36\u00b74\u201354\u00b77)<\/td>43\u00b75 (36\u00b70\u201353\u00b79)<\/td>8\u00b761 (7\u00b714\u201310\u00b76)<\/td>13\u00b70 (10\u00b77\u201316\u00b71)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Nauru<\/td>42\u00b76 (35\u00b71\u201352\u00b72)<\/td>40\u00b75 (33\u00b76\u201349\u00b76)<\/td>1\u00b790 (1\u00b756\u20132\u00b732)<\/td>2\u00b780 (2\u00b731\u20133\u00b738)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Niue<\/td>50\u00b77 (41\u00b77\u201362\u00b75)<\/td>49\u00b71 (40\u00b72\u201360\u00b70)<\/td>1\u00b708 (0\u00b7900\u20131\u00b734)<\/td>1\u00b711 (0\u00b7890\u20131\u00b738)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Northern Mariana Islands<\/td>58\u00b73 (48\u00b78\u201372\u00b70)<\/td>56\u00b70 (46\u00b75\u201368\u00b72)<\/td>14\u00b76 (12\u00b72\u201318\u00b72)<\/td>30\u00b75 (24\u00b75\u201337\u00b75)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Palau<\/td>49\u00b75 (40\u00b75\u201361\u00b71)<\/td>49\u00b74 (40\u00b79\u201360\u00b79)<\/td>5\u00b736 (4\u00b741\u20136\u00b756)<\/td>11\u00b77 (9\u00b739\u201314\u00b75)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Papua New Guinea<\/td>47\u00b79 (39\u00b75\u201358\u00b76)<\/td>47\u00b75 (38\u00b77\u201358\u00b72)<\/td>1020 (833\u20131230)<\/td>3130 (2570\u20133840)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Samoa<\/td>51\u00b74 (42\u00b73\u201362\u00b77)<\/td>51\u00b70 (42\u00b73\u201362\u00b77)<\/td>48\u00b75 (39\u00b79\u201358\u00b78)<\/td>86\u00b73 (70\u00b75\u2013107)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Solomon Islands<\/td>46\u00b70 (38\u00b70\u201356\u00b77)<\/td>43\u00b79 (36\u00b79\u201354\u00b72)<\/td>73\u00b72 (60\u00b72\u201390\u00b71)<\/td>226 (188\u2013277)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Tokelau<\/td>50\u00b75 (41\u00b76\u201363\u00b70)<\/td>49\u00b79 (41\u00b75\u201361\u00b70)<\/td>0\u00b7682 (0\u00b7561\u20130\u00b7856)<\/td>0\u00b7838 (0\u00b7694\u20131\u00b703)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Tonga<\/td>53\u00b74 (43\u00b78\u201365\u00b70)<\/td>52\u00b74 (43\u00b77\u201364\u00b77)<\/td>32\u00b74 (26\u00b76\u201339\u00b73)<\/td>45\u00b79 (38\u00b72\u201356\u00b79)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Tuvalu<\/td>43\u00b71 (35\u00b74\u201353\u00b70)<\/td>44\u00b77 (37\u00b71\u201355\u00b73)<\/td>3\u00b708 (2\u00b749\u20133\u00b779)<\/td>4\u00b743 (3\u00b758\u20135\u00b746)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Vanuatu<\/td>46\u00b75 (38\u00b79\u201356\u00b78)<\/td>44\u00b73 (36\u00b78\u201354\u00b71)<\/td>36\u00b70 (30\u00b74\u201344\u00b73)<\/td>97\u00b76 (80\u00b77\u2013118)<\/td><\/tr>
Southeast Asia<\/td>33\u00b71 (28\u00b76\u201338\u00b73)<\/td>39\u00b76 (35\u00b73\u201345\u00b72)<\/td>98\u2008900 (86\u2008000\u2013115\u2008000)<\/td>296\u2008000 (263\u2008000\u2013340\u2008000)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Cambodia<\/td>35\u00b72 (29\u00b79\u201342\u00b72)<\/td>36\u00b73 (31\u00b71\u201343\u00b78)<\/td>1900 (1630\u20132240)<\/td>5500 (4700\u20136610)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Indonesia<\/td>23\u00b71 (20\u00b73\u201327\u00b71)<\/td>17\u00b77 (15\u00b76\u201320\u00b76)<\/td>27\u2008400 (24\u2008100\u201332\u2008000)<\/td>52\u2008400 (45\u2008700\u201361\u2008900)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Laos<\/td>34\u00b77 (29\u00b78\u201341\u00b76)<\/td>36\u00b73 (31\u00b71\u201343\u00b75)<\/td>836 (720\u2013976)<\/td>2140 (1840\u20132530)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Malaysia<\/td>72\u00b70 (60\u00b78\u201386\u00b77)<\/td>130 (124\u2013137)<\/td>7960 (6790\u20139490)<\/td>44\u2008300 (42\u2008400\u201346\u2008700)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Maldives<\/td>46\u00b73 (39\u00b73\u201355\u00b78)<\/td>51\u00b79 (44\u00b72\u201362\u00b72)<\/td>51\u00b76 (44\u00b71\u201361\u00b74)<\/td>248 (209\u2013298)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Mauritius<\/td>66\u00b75 (56\u00b71\u201381\u00b70)<\/td>66\u00b75 (56\u00b76\u201380\u00b76)<\/td>558 (471\u2013673)<\/td>1200 (997\u20131470)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Myanmar<\/td>35\u00b74 (30\u00b73\u201341\u00b75)<\/td>36\u00b71 (30\u00b78\u201343\u00b71)<\/td>9420 (8080\u201311\u2008000)<\/td>20\u2008100 (17\u2008100\u201324\u2008100)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Philippines<\/td>33\u00b73 (29\u00b74\u201338\u00b77)<\/td>38\u00b73 (33\u00b77\u201344\u00b74)<\/td>12\u2008100 (10\u2008700\u201314\u2008100)<\/td>36\u2008800 (32\u2008400\u201342\u2008700)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Seychelles<\/td>42\u00b79 (37\u00b71\u201351\u00b78)<\/td>44\u00b77 (38\u00b74\u201354\u00b70)<\/td>25\u00b70 (21\u00b76\u201330\u00b71)<\/td>57\u00b76 (48\u00b79\u201370\u00b73)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Sri Lanka<\/td>46\u00b74 (39\u00b73\u201355\u00b70)<\/td>48\u00b71 (40\u00b78\u201357\u00b77)<\/td>5750 (4910\u20136740)<\/td>13\u2008900 (11\u2008800\u201316\u2008800)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Thailand<\/td>31\u00b79 (18\u00b76\u201339\u00b70)<\/td>61\u00b76 (54\u00b71\u201371\u00b79)<\/td>13\u2008300 (7950\u201316\u2008400)<\/td>66\u2008400 (57\u2008600\u201377\u2008800)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Timor-Leste<\/td>39\u00b76 (33\u00b78\u201347\u00b75)<\/td>39\u00b78 (33\u00b79\u201348\u00b71)<\/td>152 (129\u2013178)<\/td>391 (336\u2013471)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Viet Nam<\/td>43\u00b75 (37\u00b71\u201351\u00b77)<\/td>46\u00b70 (39\u00b77\u201354\u00b72)<\/td>19\u2008300 (16\u2008500\u201322\u2008700)<\/td>52\u2008300 (44\u2008700\u201362\u2008100)<\/td><\/tr>
Sub-Saharan Africa<\/strong><\/td>2\u00b770 (2\u00b740\u20133\u00b720)<\/strong><\/td>3\u00b780 (3\u00b730\u20134\u00b750)<\/strong><\/td>8010 (6940\u20139630)<\/strong><\/td>28\u2008000 (24\u2008400\u201333\u2008400)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Central sub-Saharan Africa<\/td>4\u00b750 (3\u00b780\u20135\u00b750)<\/td>4\u00b740 (3\u00b770\u20135\u00b740)<\/td>1430 (1220\u20131750)<\/td>3970 (3330\u20134760)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Angola<\/td>3\u00b780 (3\u00b720\u20134\u00b780)<\/td>3\u00b780 (3\u00b720\u20134\u00b770)<\/td>227 (190\u2013278)<\/td>785 (651\u2013955)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Central African Republic<\/td>4\u00b700 (3\u00b730\u20134\u00b790)<\/td>3\u00b780 (3\u00b710\u20134\u00b770)<\/td>64\u00b76 (53\u00b73\u201378\u00b79)<\/td>135 (112\u2013165)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Congo (Brazzaville)<\/td>2\u00b740 (2\u00b710\u20132\u00b770)<\/td>3\u00b710 (2\u00b760\u20133\u00b780)<\/td>35\u00b79 (31\u00b78\u201341\u00b77)<\/td>122 (103\u2013151)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Democratic Republic of the Congo<\/td>4\u00b770 (3\u00b790\u20135\u00b780)<\/td>4\u00b760 (3\u00b790\u20135\u00b770)<\/td>1040 (882\u20131270)<\/td>2750 (2310\u20133290)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Equatorial Guinea<\/td>4\u00b750 (3\u00b770\u20135\u00b750)<\/td>4\u00b790 (4\u00b720\u20135\u00b790)<\/td>11\u00b74 (9\u00b738\u201314\u00b70)<\/td>46\u00b79 (39\u00b73\u201357\u00b75)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Gabon<\/td>8\u00b780 (7\u00b740\u201310\u00b78)<\/td>8\u00b790 (7\u00b750\u201310\u00b79)<\/td>60\u00b77 (50\u00b79\u201373\u00b75)<\/td>129 (108\u2013157)<\/td><\/tr>
Eastern sub-Saharan Africa<\/td>1\u00b740 (1\u00b720\u20131\u00b770)<\/td>1\u00b750 (1\u00b730\u20131\u00b780)<\/td>1600 (1360\u20131920)<\/td>4310 (3700\u20135210)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Burundi<\/td>1\u00b730 (1\u00b710\u20131\u00b760)<\/td>1\u00b740 (1\u00b710\u20131\u00b770)<\/td>44\u00b75 (37\u00b74\u201354\u00b77)<\/td>122 (101\u2013149)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Comoros<\/td>1\u00b750 (1\u00b720\u20131\u00b780)<\/td>1\u00b750 (1\u00b730\u20131\u00b790)<\/td>4\u00b732 (3\u00b754\u20135\u00b726)<\/td>10\u00b72 (8\u00b742\u201312\u00b74)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Djibouti<\/td>1\u00b750 (1\u00b720\u20131\u00b780)<\/td>1\u00b750 (1\u00b730\u20131\u00b790)<\/td>3\u00b765 (2\u00b798\u20134\u00b743)<\/td>16\u00b72 (13\u00b73\u201319\u00b77)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Eritrea<\/td>1\u00b730 (1\u00b700\u20131\u00b750)<\/td>1\u00b730 (1\u00b710\u20131\u00b760)<\/td>25\u00b77 (21\u00b71\u201331\u00b73)<\/td>65\u00b75 (54\u00b76\u201379\u00b79)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Ethiopia<\/td>1\u00b740 (1\u00b720\u20131\u00b760)<\/td>1\u00b750 (1\u00b730\u20131\u00b780)<\/td>421 (366\u2013502)<\/td>1130 (981\u20131340)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Kenya<\/td>1\u00b750 (1\u00b730\u20131\u00b770)<\/td>1\u00b780 (1\u00b760\u20132\u00b710)<\/td>206 (179\u2013243)<\/td>667 (582\u2013796)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Madagascar<\/td>1\u00b740 (1\u00b720\u20131\u00b780)<\/td>1\u00b750 (1\u00b720\u20131\u00b780)<\/td>106 (87\u00b70\u2013128)<\/td>295 (243\u2013356)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Malawi<\/td>1\u00b730 (1\u00b710\u20131\u00b760)<\/td>1\u00b730 (1\u00b710\u20131\u00b760)<\/td>77\u00b79 (65\u00b75\u201395\u00b73)<\/td>176 (145\u2013213)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Mozambique<\/td>1\u00b730 (1\u00b710\u20131\u00b760)<\/td>1\u00b730 (1\u00b710\u20131\u00b760)<\/td>113 (93\u00b72\u2013137)<\/td>257 (215\u2013313)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Rwanda<\/td>1\u00b710 (1\u00b700\u20131\u00b740)<\/td>1\u00b720 (1\u00b700\u20131\u00b750)<\/td>49\u00b75 (40\u00b79\u201360\u00b73)<\/td>126 (104\u2013154)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Somalia<\/td>1\u00b730 (1\u00b710\u20131\u00b760)<\/td>1\u00b720 (1\u00b700\u20131\u00b750)<\/td>59\u00b72 (48\u00b79\u201372\u00b74)<\/td>158 (130\u2013194)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>South Sudan<\/td>1\u00b750 (1\u00b720\u20131\u00b780)<\/td>1\u00b740 (1\u00b720\u20131\u00b770)<\/td>53\u00b79 (44\u00b76\u201364\u00b79)<\/td>93\u00b77 (77\u00b78\u2013114)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Tanzania<\/td>1\u00b740 (1\u00b720\u20131\u00b780)<\/td>1\u00b750 (1\u00b720\u20131\u00b780)<\/td>228 (186\u2013276)<\/td>631 (518\u2013763)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Uganda<\/td>1\u00b740 (1\u00b720\u20131\u00b770)<\/td>1\u00b740 (1\u00b720\u20131\u00b770)<\/td>140 (118\u2013171)<\/td>390 (325\u2013471)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Zambia<\/td>1\u00b730 (1\u00b710\u20131\u00b760)<\/td>1\u00b730 (1\u00b710\u20131\u00b770)<\/td>60\u00b77 (50\u00b76\u201374\u00b71)<\/td>170 (141\u2013206)<\/td><\/tr>
Southern sub-Saharan Africa<\/td>5\u00b790 (5\u00b730\u20136\u00b780)<\/td>15\u00b79 (14\u00b71\u201318\u00b75)<\/td>2150 (1910\u20132470)<\/td>12\u2008300 (10\u2008900\u201314\u2008500)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Botswana<\/td>1\u00b710 (0\u00b7900\u20131\u00b740)<\/td>1\u00b740 (1\u00b710\u20131\u00b770)<\/td>9\u00b740 (7\u00b782\u201311\u00b73)<\/td>27\u00b79 (22\u00b79\u201334\u00b75)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Eswatini<\/td>2\u00b720 (1\u00b780\u20132\u00b760)<\/td>2\u00b720 (1\u00b790\u20132\u00b760)<\/td>10\u00b71 (8\u00b749\u201311\u00b79)<\/td>19\u00b79 (16\u00b79\u201324\u00b70)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Lesotho<\/td>2\u00b710 (1\u00b780\u20132\u00b750)<\/td>2\u00b710 (1\u00b770\u20132\u00b750)<\/td>22\u00b74 (18\u00b79\u201326\u00b75)<\/td>30\u00b77 (26\u00b70\u201336\u00b77)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Namibia<\/td>2\u00b730 (2\u00b710\u20132\u00b740)<\/td>2\u00b750 (2\u00b720\u20132\u00b780)<\/td>21\u00b71 (19\u00b73\u201323\u00b71)<\/td>57\u00b71 (50\u00b79\u201364\u00b76)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>South Africa<\/td>7\u00b730 (6\u00b750\u20138\u00b740)<\/td>19\u00b77 (17\u00b75\u201323\u00b70)<\/td>1980 (1750\u20132280)<\/td>12\u2008000 (10\u2008600\u201314\u2008200)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Zimbabwe<\/td>1\u00b780 (1\u00b760\u20132\u00b700)<\/td>1\u00b780 (1\u00b750\u20132\u00b730)<\/td>109 (94\u00b74\u2013127)<\/td>197 (161\u2013243)<\/td><\/tr>
Western sub-Saharan Africa<\/td>2\u00b740 (2\u00b710\u20132\u00b780)<\/td>2\u00b740 (2\u00b700\u20132\u00b780)<\/td>2820 (2420\u20133380)<\/td>7440 (6340\u20138910)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Benin<\/td>3\u00b780 (3\u00b710\u20134\u00b770)<\/td>3\u00b780 (3\u00b720\u20134\u00b760)<\/td>104 (85\u00b74\u2013127)<\/td>326 (277\u2013395)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Burkina Faso<\/td>2\u00b750 (2\u00b710\u20133\u00b710)<\/td>2\u00b740 (2\u00b700\u20133\u00b710)<\/td>142 (115\u2013173)<\/td>351 (290\u2013431)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Cabo Verde<\/td>3\u00b710 (2\u00b760\u20133\u00b780)<\/td>3\u00b720 (2\u00b770\u20134\u00b700)<\/td>7\u00b753 (6\u00b725\u20139\u00b719)<\/td>14\u00b79 (12\u00b76\u201318\u00b73)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Cameroon<\/td>2\u00b740 (2\u00b700\u20133\u00b700)<\/td>2\u00b740 (2\u00b700\u20133\u00b700)<\/td>148 (124\u2013180)<\/td>495 (410\u2013600)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Chad<\/td>2\u00b750 (2\u00b710\u20133\u00b700)<\/td>2\u00b740 (2\u00b700\u20133\u00b700)<\/td>89\u00b78 (74\u00b77\u2013108)<\/td>236 (192\u2013291)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>C\u00f4te d'Ivoire<\/td>3\u00b730 (2\u00b780\u20134\u00b710)<\/td>3\u00b730 (2\u00b770\u20134\u00b710)<\/td>220 (183\u2013270)<\/td>687 (574\u2013851)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>The Gambia<\/td>2\u00b770 (2\u00b720\u20133\u00b730)<\/td>2\u00b760 (2\u00b710\u20133\u00b710)<\/td>14\u00b73 (11\u00b79\u201317\u00b76)<\/td>39\u00b76 (33\u00b72\u201347\u00b78)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Ghana<\/td>1\u00b720 (0\u00b7900\u20131\u00b740)<\/td>1\u00b720 (1\u00b700\u20131\u00b750)<\/td>106 (84\u00b72\u2013129)<\/td>273 (218\u2013349)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Guinea<\/td>2\u00b750 (2\u00b710\u20133\u00b710)<\/td>2\u00b750 (2\u00b700\u20133\u00b710)<\/td>99\u00b76 (82\u00b76\u2013124)<\/td>209 (172\u2013254)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Guinea-Bissau<\/td>2\u00b720 (1\u00b790\u20132\u00b780)<\/td>2\u00b720 (1\u00b780\u20132\u00b770)<\/td>12\u00b77 (10\u00b73\u201315\u00b76)<\/td>27\u00b76 (22\u00b75\u201334\u00b70)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Liberia<\/td>2\u00b760 (2\u00b720\u20133\u00b730)<\/td>2\u00b760 (2\u00b720\u20133\u00b730)<\/td>41\u00b71 (34\u00b71\u201350\u00b72)<\/td>99\u00b73 (82\u00b77\u2013121)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Mali<\/td>2\u00b750 (2\u00b710\u20133\u00b710)<\/td>2\u00b750 (2\u00b710\u20133\u00b720)<\/td>134 (111\u2013163)<\/td>348 (284\u2013435)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Mauritania<\/td>5\u00b780 (4\u00b780\u20137\u00b720)<\/td>6\u00b700 (5\u00b710\u20137\u00b740)<\/td>77\u00b71 (64\u00b78\u201393\u00b72)<\/td>189 (161\u2013231)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Niger<\/td>2\u00b760 (2\u00b710\u20133\u00b720)<\/td>2\u00b750 (2\u00b710\u20133\u00b720)<\/td>109 (89\u00b71\u2013133)<\/td>342 (282\u2013420)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Nigeria<\/td>2\u00b730 (2\u00b700\u20132\u00b760)<\/td>2\u00b720 (2\u00b700\u20132\u00b760)<\/td>1300 (1150\u20131540)<\/td>3260 (2850\u20133860)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 and Pr\u00edncipe<\/td>2\u00b780 (2\u00b740\u20133\u00b760)<\/td>2\u00b790 (2\u00b740\u20133\u00b760)<\/td>2\u00b723 (1\u00b783\u20132\u00b774)<\/td>4\u00b783 (4\u00b701\u20135\u00b793)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Senegal<\/td>2\u00b710 (1\u00b770\u20132\u00b760)<\/td>2\u00b710 (1\u00b770\u20132\u00b760)<\/td>93\u00b76 (77\u00b70\u2013114)<\/td>253 (203\u2013309)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Sierra Leone<\/td>2\u00b760 (2\u00b710\u20133\u00b720)<\/td>2\u00b750 (2\u00b710\u20133\u00b710)<\/td>68\u00b77 (57\u00b73\u201384\u00b75)<\/td>131 (109\u2013162)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Togo<\/td>2\u00b750 (2\u00b710\u20133\u00b710)<\/td>2\u00b750 (2\u00b710\u20133\u00b700)<\/td>49\u00b73 (40\u00b79\u201360\u00b72)<\/td>145 (119\u2013177)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Data in parentheses are 95% uncertainty intervals. All data are presented to three significant figures.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interpretation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

KFRT affects approximately 5 million people globally, with high treatment and mortality costs. Our study unveiled considerable geographical variation in KFRT prevalence, which should be seen as indicators of health-care system opportunities. As the prevalence of the leading aetiologies of KFRT\u2014type 2 diabetes and hypertension\u2014continues to rise, there is a crucial need to prioritise the development and implementation of cost-effective strategies aimed at preventing CKD and its progression to KFRT, particularly in low-resource settings. These preventive efforts must happen in tandem with efforts to expand capacity for dialysis and transplant services.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Funding<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Gates Foundation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Articles Global, regional, and national prevalence of k […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[32,23],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28965"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=28965"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28965\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28966,"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28965\/revisions\/28966"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=28965"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=28965"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=28965"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}