Comparing Physician and Artificial Intelligence Chatbot Responses to Patient Questions Posted to a Public Social Media Forum<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
John W.\u00a0Ayers,\u00a0Adam\u00a0Poliak,\u00a0Mark\u00a0Dredze,\u00a0et al<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
JAMA Intern Med.\u00a0<\/em>Published online April 28, 2023. doi:10.1001\/jamainternmed.2023.1838<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Key Points<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question<\/strong> Can an artificial intelligence chatbot assistant, provide responses to patient questions that are of comparable quality and empathy to those written by physicians?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Findings<\/strong> In this cross-sectional study of 195 randomly drawn patient questions from a social media forum, a team of licensed health care professionals compared physician\u2019s and chatbot\u2019s responses to patient\u2019s questions asked publicly on a public social media forum. The chatbot responses were preferred over physician responses and rated significantly higher for both quality and empathy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Meaning<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0These results suggest that artificial intelligence assistants may be able to aid in drafting responses to patient questions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Abstract<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Importance<\/strong> The rapid expansion of virtual health care has caused a surge in patient messages concomitant with more work and burnout among health care professionals. Artificial intelligence (AI) assistants could potentially aid in creating answers to patient questions by drafting responses that could be reviewed by clinicians.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Objective<\/strong> To evaluate the ability of an AI chatbot assistant (ChatGPT), released in November 2022, to provide quality and empathetic responses to patient questions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Design, Setting, and Participants<\/strong> In this cross-sectional study, a public and nonidentifiable database of questions from a public social media forum (Reddit\u2019s r\/AskDocs) was used to randomly draw 195 exchanges from October 2022 where a verified physician responded to a public question. Chatbot responses were generated by entering the original question into a fresh session (without prior questions having been asked in the session) on December 22 and 23, 2022. The original question along with anonymized and randomly ordered physician and chatbot responses were evaluated in triplicate by a team of licensed health care professionals. Evaluators chose \u201cwhich response was better\u201d and judged both \u201cthe quality of information provided\u201d (very poor<\/em>, poor<\/em>, acceptable<\/em>, good<\/em>, or very good<\/em>) and \u201cthe empathy or bedside manner provided\u201d (not empathetic<\/em>, slightly empathetic<\/em>, moderately empathetic<\/em>, empathetic<\/em>, and very empathetic<\/em>). Mean outcomes were ordered on a 1 to 5 scale and compared between chatbot and physicians.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Results<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0Of the 195 questions and responses, evaluators preferred chatbot responses to physician responses in 78.6% (95% CI, 75.0%-81.8%) of the 585 evaluations. Mean (IQR) physician responses were significantly shorter than chatbot responses (52 [17-62] words vs 211 [168-245] words;\u00a0t<\/em>\u2009=\u200925.4;\u00a0P<\/em>\u2009<\u2009.001). Chatbot responses were rated of significantly higher quality than physician responses (t<\/em>\u2009=\u200913.3;\u00a0P<\/em>\u2009<\u2009.001). The proportion of responses rated as\u00a0good<\/em>or\u00a0very good<\/em>\u00a0quality (\u2265 4), for instance, was higher for chatbot than physicians (chatbot: 78.5%, 95% CI, 72.3%-84.1%; physicians: 22.1%, 95% CI, 16.4%-28.2%;). This amounted to 3.6 times higher prevalence of\u00a0good<\/em>\u00a0or\u00a0very good<\/em>\u00a0quality responses for the chatbot. Chatbot responses were also rated significantly more empathetic than physician responses (t<\/em>\u2009=\u200918.9;\u00a0P<\/em>\u2009<\u2009.001). The proportion of responses rated\u00a0empathetic<\/em>\u00a0or\u00a0very empathetic<\/em>\u00a0(\u22654) was higher for chatbot than for physicians (physicians: 4.6%, 95% CI, 2.1%-7.7%; chatbot: 45.1%, 95% CI, 38.5%-51.8%; physicians: 4.6%, 95% CI, 2.1%-7.7%). This amounted to 9.8 times higher prevalence of\u00a0empathetic<\/em>\u00a0or\u00a0very empathetic<\/em>\u00a0responses for the chatbot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Conclusions<\/strong> In this cross-sectional study, a chatbot generated quality and empathetic responses to patient questions posed in an online forum. Further exploration of this technology is warranted in clinical settings, such as using chatbot to draft responses that physicians could then edit. Randomized trials could assess further if using AI assistants might improve responses, lower clinician burnout, and improve patient outcomes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Original Investigation April 28, 2023 C […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[32,23],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23981"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=23981"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23981\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24214,"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23981\/revisions\/24214"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=23981"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=23981"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=23981"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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