\u5728\u91cd\u6e29\u534f\u548c\u767e\u5e74\u5386\u53f2\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5317\u4eac\u534f\u548c\u533b\u9662\u662f\u4ece1921\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u6d1b\u514b\u83f2\u6d1b\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u534f\u548c\u767e\u5e74\u201d\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4ece1921\u52302021\u5e74\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u662f\u5426\u786e\u5207\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u63a8\u6572\u3002\u5317\u4eac\u534f\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u53ca\u5317\u4eac\u534f\u548c\u533b\u9662\u6709\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u65e9\u57281860\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4f26\u6566\u6559\u4f1a\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u5fb7\u8d1e(John Dudgeon)\u4ee5\u5f53\u65f6\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u533b\u5b66\u7406\u5ff5\uff08\u9ebb\u9189\u672f\u3001\u6d88\u6bd2\u65e0\u83cc\u672f\u3001\u9694\u79bb\u75c5\u623f\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u6784\u60f3\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u5bb6\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u533b\u9662\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u4e1c\u57ce\u7c73\u5e02\u5927\u8857\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e86\u4e00\u5757\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5317\u4eac\u534f\u548c\u533b\u9662\u843d\u6237\u4e1c\u5355\u7684\u6700\u65e9\u4e00\u5757\u5730\u4ea7\u30021864\u5e74\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u5317\u4eac\u65bd\u533b\u9662\u3002\u95e8\u53e3\u6709\u4e00\u5bf9\u65d7\u6746\uff0c\u6545\u53c8\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u53cc\u65d7\u6746\u533b\u9662\u201d\u3002\u5fb7\u8d1e\u7528\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u5916\u79d1\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5728\u533b\u7597\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u8d62\u5f97\u793e\u4f1a\u5927\u4f17\u548c\u6e05\u671d\u738b\u516c\u5927\u81e3\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u5f00\u62d3\u8005\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u5f00\u62d3\u8005\uff0c\u624d\u6709\u540e\u6765\u4eba\u30021900\u5e74\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u65bd\u533b\u9662\u5728\u4e49\u548c\u56e2\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e2d\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u6467\u6bc1\u3002\u4f46\u53cc\u65d7\u6746\u4ecd\u7136\u77d7\u7acb\u5728\u539f\u5904\u30021905\u5e74\uff0c\u665a\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u5e9f\u9664\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u5ef6\u7eed1300\u5e74\u7684\u79d1\u4e3e\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u63a5\u7eb3\u897f\u5b66\u4e1c\u6e10\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u79d1\u5b66\u533b\u5b66\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u8fdb\u5165\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1901\u5e74\u4f26\u6566\u6559\u4f1a\u59d4\u6d3e\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u79d1\u9f84(Thomas Cochrane)\u6765\u5317\u4eac\u91cd\u5efa\u53cc\u65d7\u6746\u533b\u9662\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u79d1\u9f84\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u4e3a\u5b8f\u5927\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u3002\u4e3a\u843d\u5b9e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c1902\u5e74\u79d1\u9f84\u5efa\u8bae\u8054\u5408\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4f20\u6559\u4f1a\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u201c\u534f\u548c\u201d\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a(a Committee of Union)\uff0c\u6c49\u6587\u8bd1\u540d\u9009\u7528\u201c\u534f\u548c\u201d\uff0c\u6bd4\u201cUnion\u201d\u66f4\u4e3a\u96c5\u81f4\u30021903-1904\u5e74\uff0c\u4f26\u6566\u6559\u4f1a\u7ec8\u4e8e\u8054\u5408\u4e86\u5176\u4ed65\u5bb6\u4f20\u6559\u4f1a\uff0c\u5408\u8d44\u5efa\u7acb\u534f\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u5802(Union Medical College)\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4ee5\u201c\u534f\u548c\u201d\u547d\u540d\u7684\u533b\u5b66\u5802\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u5728\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u6b63\u5f0f\u7acb\u6848\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u5b66\u6821\u30021906\u5e74\u534f\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u5802\u4e3e\u529e\u5f00\u5e55\u5178\u793c\uff0c\u5404\u56fd\u516c\u4f7f\u548c\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u91cd\u81e3\u51fa\u5e2d\u4e86\u5178\u793c\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u534f\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u53d6\u540d\u4e3a\u201cPeking Union Medical College\u201d\uff0c\u6709\u7740\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u6e0a\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u534f\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u5802\u5b66\u52365\u5e74\u3002\u534f\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u5802\u529e\u4e864\u671f\uff0c\u5171\u6709120\u540d\u533b\u5b66\u751f\u6bd5\u4e1a\u3002\u591a\u6570\u540e\u6765\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u5404\u6559\u4f1a\u533b\u9662\uff0c\u4e3a\u6539\u5584\u5f53\u65f6\u7f3a\u533b\u5c11\u836f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u72b6\u51b5\u8d77\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u534f\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u5802\u4e5f\u57f9\u517b\u4e86\u4e00\u6279\u8457\u540d\u7684\u533b\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u5982\u9a6c\u6587\u662d\u3001\u6768\u5d07\u745e\u3001\u8c22\u6069\u589e\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1910\u5e7411\u6708\u521d\uff0c\u6ee1\u6d32\u91cc\u7a81\u7136\u7206\u53d1\u9f20\u75ab\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u51e0\u5929\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u4e1c\u4e09\u7701\u6ca6\u9677\u3002\u4f0d\u8fde\u5fb7\u66fe\u7559\u5b66\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u83b7\u533b\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c1907\u5e74\u56de\u56fd\u3002\u9f20\u75ab\u7206\u53d1\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u6d3e\u5f80\u4e1c\u5317\u3002\u4ed6\u53d1\u73b0\u9f20\u75ab\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eba\u4f20\u4eba\uff0c\u7528100\u591a\u8282\u8f66\u53a2\u9694\u79bb\u88ab\u4f20\u67d3\u8005\u3002\u4ed6\u5efa\u8bae\u56e0\u9f20\u75ab\u800c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u8005\u7684\u5c38\u4f53\u5e94\u8be5\u706b\u846c\uff0c\u906d\u5230\u4e86\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u5f97\u5230\u6444\u653f\u738b\u8f7d\u6ca3\u6709\u529b\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5728\u4f0d\u8fde\u5fb7\u7684\u6307\u6325\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c38\u4f53\u88ab\u706b\u5316\u3002\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u53d1\u660e\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u9694\u79bb\u548c\u706b\u5316\u662f\u5207\u65ad\u9f20\u75ab\u7684\u4f20\u67d3\u6e90\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1910\u5e74\u6297\u51fb\u4e1c\u5317\u9f20\u75ab\uff0c\u534f\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u5802\u9644\u5c5e\u533b\u9662\u88ab\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3a\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u9f20\u75ab\u9632\u6cbb\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u90e8\u5206\u533b\u751f\u66fe\u8ddf\u968f\u4f0d\u8fde\u5fb7\u533b\u751f\u53bb\u4e1c\u5317\u5404\u5730\u6297\u75ab\u3002\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u573a\u9f20\u75ab\uff0c\u6b63\u5f0f\u88ab\u6d88\u706d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1911\u5e74\u53d1\u751f\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u6e05\u738b\u671d\u88ab\u63a8\u7ffb\u3002\u6bcf\u5e74\u6765\u81ea\u8bf7\u653f\u5e9c\u62e8\u7ed9\u534f\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u5802\u4e0a\u4e07\u4e24\u767d\u94f6\u7684\u7ecf\u8d39\u652f\u6301\u5c31\u6b64\u4e2d\u65ad\uff0c\u534f\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u5802\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4f7f\u547d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e2d\u56fd\u67094\u4ebf\u4eba\u53e3\uff0c\u6df1\u53d7\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u3001\u5730\u65b9\u75c5\u7b49\u7978\u5bb3\u4e4b\u82e6\u3002\u534f\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u5802\u867d\u7136\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u51fa\u8272\u7684\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u4e0e\u5f53\u65f6\u56fd\u9645\u5148\u8fdb\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u533b\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u9762\u8feb\u5207\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u6240\u7efc\u5408\u6027\u5927\u5b66\u3002\u4f46\u963b\u529b\u6709\u4e8c\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u5efa\u7acb\u5b8c\u5168\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u79c1\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u4f20\u6559\u56e2\u961f\u53cd\u5bf9\u5efa\u7acb\u65e0\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u5927\u5b66\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c1a\u4e0d\u9002\u5b9c\u529e\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u533b\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff0c\u505a\u5230\u5927\u5b66\u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u5230\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff1f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u6240\u4e16\u754c\u4e00\u6d41\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u7531\u6b64\u840c\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7ea6\u7ff0\u3001\u6234\u7ef4\u68ee\u3001\u6d1b\u514b\u83f2\u52d2(John Davison Rockefeller)\u4e00\u751f\u529e\u4e86\u4e24\u4ef6\u5927\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u77f3\u6cb9\u5de5\u4e1a\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u6148\u5584\u4e8b\u4e1a\u3002\u4ed6\u5e26\u9886\u513f\u5b59\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u6700\u6210\u529f\u7684\u6d77\u5916\u6148\u5584\u4e8b\u4e1a\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5317\u4eac\u534f\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u53ca\u5317\u4eac\u534f\u548c\u533b\u9662\uff0c\u64ad\u4e0b\u4e86\u4e00\u9897\u73b0\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b66\u533b\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u79cd\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u6d1b\u514b\u83f2\u52d2\u6bcf\u6b21\u505a\u91cd\u8981\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e4b\u524d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u30021914\u5e74\uff0c\u9996\u6279\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u5b66\u8003\u5bdf\u56e2\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u8003\u5bdf\u4e86\u5317\u4eac\u3001\u4e0a\u6d77\u3001\u5929\u6d25\u7b4915\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c17\u6240\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u300188\u5bb6\u533b\u9662\u3002\u540c\u5e7410\u6708\u5411\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4efd\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u6559\u4f1a\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u843d\u540e\u3002\u8003\u5bdf\u56e2\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u6240\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u533b\u5b66\u9662\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u9ad8\u7ea7\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u5c06\u6765\u53d1\u6325\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u548c\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u540c\u610f\u8003\u5bdf\u56e2\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1915\u5e74\u79d1\u9f84\u540c\u610f\u5c06\u534f\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u5802\u5168\u90e8\u4ea7\u6743\u51fa\u552e\u7ed9\u6d1b\u514b\u83f2\u52d2\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u3002\u4e3a\u6269\u5efa\u5b66\u6821\u548c\u533b\u9662\uff0c\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u4e70\u4e0b\u539f\u8c6b\u738b\u5e9c\uff0c\u5c06\u6821\u540d\u6539\u4e3a\u201c\u5317\u4eac\u534f\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u201d\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u201c\u65b0\u65e7\u534f\u548c\u201d\u7684\u66f4\u66ff\u30021915\u5e74\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u6d3e\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6279\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u5b66\u8003\u5bdf\u56e2\uff0c\u56e2\u5458\u4e2d\u6709\u7ea6\u7ff0\u3001\u970d\u666e\u91d1\u65af\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u957f\u5a01\u5ec9\u3001\u4ea8\u5229\u3001\u97e6\u5c14\u5947(William Henry Welch)\uff0c\u8003\u5bdf\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u6253\u9020\u4e16\u754c\u4e00\u6d41\u7684\u5317\u4eac\u534f\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u53ca\u5317\u4eac\u534f\u548c\u533b\u9662\uff0c\u5236\u8ba2\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1917\u5e74\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u534f\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u5960\u57fa\u4eea\u5f0f\u4e0a\uff0c\u9996\u4efb\u6821\u957fFranklin\u00a0\u00a0C. McLean\uff08\u9ea6\u514b\u6797\uff09\u58f0\u660e\u4e86\u529e\u5b66\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff1a\u201c\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e00\u6240\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u533b\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u4ee5\u53ca\u533b\u7597\u670d\u52a1\u673a\u6784\uff1a\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u90fd\u6309\u7167\u897f\u65b9\u540c\u7c7b\u6700\u597d\u673a\u6784\u4e2d\u5df1\u6709\u7684\u9ad8\u6807\u51c6\u6765\u6267\u884c\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u80fd\u591f\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd\u6216\u6b27\u6d32\u6700\u597d\u7684\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u76f8\u5ab2\u7f8e\u201d\u3002\u6d1b\u514b\u83f2\u52d2\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u63a8\u51fa\u201c\u79d1\u5b66\u5316\u533b\u5b66\u201d\u7684\u529e\u5b66\u7406\u5ff5\u7b26\u5408\u5317\u6d0b\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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