{"id":16586,"date":"2019-03-02T05:37:00","date_gmt":"2019-03-01T21:37:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/?p=16586"},"modified":"2019-06-02T06:34:36","modified_gmt":"2019-06-01T22:34:36","slug":"medscape%e5%bf%ab%e9%80%9f%e6%b5%8b%e9%aa%8c%ef%bc%9a%e9%9d%99%e8%84%89%e8%a1%80%e6%a0%93%e6%a0%93%e5%a1%9e6-6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/csccm.org.cn\/?p=16586","title":{"rendered":"[MEDSCAPE\u5feb\u901f\u6d4b\u9a8c]\uff1a\u9759\u8109\u8840\u6813\u6813\u585e(6\/6)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Drugs & Diseases<\/a> > Medscape > Fast Five Quizzes<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Fast Five Quiz: Venous Thromboembolism<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

Zab Mosenifar, MD<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

December 13, 2018<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) encompasses two interrelated conditions that are part of the same spectrum: deep vein thrombosis<\/a> (DVT) and pulmonary embolism<\/a> (PE). PE and DVT can occur in the setting of disease processes, after hospitalization for serious illness, or after major surgery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thromboembolic disease is the third most common acute cardiovascular disease, after cardiac ischemic syndromes and stroke. The spectrum of disease ranges from clinically unsuspected to clinically unimportant to massive embolism causing death, and indeed DVT and PE frequently remain undiagnosed because they may not be suspected clinically. Untreated acute proximal DVT causes clinical PE in 33%-50% of patients. Untreated PE is often recurrent over days to weeks and can either improve spontaneously or cause death.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Are you familiar with key aspects of VTE, including best practices for diagnosis and treatment? Refresh and test your knowledge with this short quiz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Q1. Which of the following is accurate regarding the etiology and epidemiology of VTE? \u6709\u5173VTE\u7684\u75c5\u56e0\u548c\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u54ea\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A1: The incidence of DVT is higher among patients who have undergone knee surgery \u63a5\u53d7\u819d\u5173\u8282\u624b\u672f\u7684\u60a3\u8005DVT\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u7387\u8f83\u9ad8<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Surgical factors are related to procedure type and procedure duration. Among patients who have undergone hip surgery, 50% have a proximal DVT on the same side as the hip surgery. This is thought to be due to a twisting of the femoral vein during total hip replacement. The incidence of DVT is higher in patients who have undergone knee surgery<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Patient-related risk factors for VTE include age older than 40 years (risk doubles with each decade in persons older than 40 years), obesity, varicose veins, the use of estrogen in pharmacologic doses (ie, oral contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy), and immobility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)<\/a>, the estimated average annual number of hospitalizations in which VTE was diagnosed in 2007-2009 was 250,973 in men and 296,623 in women.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For more on VTE, read here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Q2: Which of the following is accurate regarding clinical signs of PE? \u6709\u5173PE\u4e34\u5e8a\u4f53\u5f81\u7684\u54ea\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff1f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A2: The second heart sound may be accentuated \u7b2c\u4e8c\u5fc3\u97f3\u53ef\u80fd\u589e\u5f3a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Some patients have signs of DVT, lower-extremity swelling, and tenderness and warmth to touch. Clinical signs of PE also include the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n