ORIGINAL ARTICLE Health Care–Associated Infections in U.S. Hospitals, 2023 versus 2015 Nora Chea, Rongxia Li, Taniece Eure, et al N Engl J Med 2026;395:255-266 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2510881 Abstract BACKGROUND Prevalence surveys in U.S. hospitals showed that on any given day, 1 of 25 patients had a health care–associated infection in 2011, as compared with 1 of 31 patients in 2015. We repeated the survey in 2023 to assess changes in the prevalence of suc...

Articles Bedside identification of subphenotypes in acute respiratory failure (PHIND): a multicentre, observational cohort study Kiran Reddy, Pratik Sinha, David B Antcliffe, et al Lancent Respir Med Available online 23 March 2026 https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(26)00040-8 Summary Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a clinically defined, biologically heterogeneous condition with no proven disease-modifying therapies. Retrospect...

Articles Polymyxin B haemoadsorption in endotoxic septic shock (Tigris): a multicentre, open-label, Bayesian, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial Javier A Neyra, Matthieu Legrand, Mark A Tidswell, et al Lancet Respir Med Available online 23 March 2026 https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(26)00047-0 Summary Background Endotoxic septic shock, a subset of septic shock with high endotoxin activity and multiorgan failure, is associated with high risk of de...

Editorial  New Pathways to Treat Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia: Connecting the DOTS Erin K. McCreary, Preeti N. Malani JAMA 2025;334;(10):861-863. doi:10.1001/jama.2025.13717 Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia is a leading cause of infection-related death worldwide.1 Roughly 30% of patients who develop S aureus bacteremia will die within a year of index culture, yet relatively few randomized clinical trials have evaluated optimal antibiotic therapy.2 Con...

Alarm Fatigue Linked to Compassion Fatigue in Surgical ICUs  In ICU Tue, 14 Oct 2025 Intensive care units rely on dense constellations of monitors, ventilators and infusion devices that generate frequent alarms to protect patients. Persistent exposure to these sounds can desensitise clinicians and reduce responsiveness, a phenomenon described as alarm fatigue. In parallel, sustained emotional demands and exposure to suffering can erode the capacit...

Articles Predicting bloodstream infection by plasma cell-free metagenomic sequencing: a prospective cohort study Joshua Wolf, Kathryn P Goggin, Yuki Inaba, et al Lancet Microbe 2026; 7: 101312 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanmic.2025.101312 Summary Background Patients receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy or haematopoietic cell transplantation are at high risk for life-threatening bloodstream infections. A novel pre-emptive treatment paradigm guided by...

Invited Commentary  Fecal Microbiota Transplant for Multidrug Resistance—No Benefit Without Disruption? Brendan J. Kelly, Michael H. Woodworth, Jennie H. Kwon JAMA Intern Med Published Online: April 20, 2026 doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2026.0668 Fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) has transformed the medical treatment of recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (R-CDI). An explosion of randomized clinical trials during the 2010s demonstrated the effectiv...

Articles Invasive aspergillosis in liver transplant recipients in France (2007–21): a nationwide, retrospective, matched case–control study Coralie Le Hyaric, Cléa Melenotte, François Lefebvre, et al Lancet Microbe 2026; 7: 101272 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanmic.2025.101272  Summary Background Invasive aspergillosis is a rare but severe complication of liver transplantation. Incidence varies from 1·2% to 5·6% and mortality is greater than 50%. Few st...

Editorial  New Lungs for Lung Cancer—Perils and Promises Ece Cali Daylan, Ramaswamy Govindan JAMA Published Online: July 8, 2026 doi: 10.1001/jama.2026.11478 Despite the recent advances in systemic therapy, survival for patients with metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without actionable genomic alterations in the tumor is limited.1 A small subset of patients with NSCLC have lung-only metastatic disease and often die of progressive lung failu...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Oral Nirmatrelvir–Ritonavir for Covid-19 in Higher-Risk Outpatients Christopher C. Butler, Andrew D. Pinto, Victoria Harris, et al N Engl J Med 2026;394:1583-1594 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2502457 Abstract BACKGROUND Nirmatrelvir–ritonavir has been shown to reduce progression to severe illness from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in unvaccinated high-risk outpatients. The effectiveness of nirmatrelvir–ritonavir i...