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[BMJ发表论文]:儿童接种流感疫苗的适宜时机
2024年04月21日 时讯速递, 进展交流 [BMJ发表论文]:儿童接种流感疫苗的适宜时机已关闭评论

Research

Optimal timing of influenza vaccination in young children: population based cohort study

Christopher M Worsham, Charles F Bray, Anupam B Jena

BMJ 2024; 384 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2023-077076 (Published 21 February 2024)Cite this as: BMJ 2024;384:e077076

Abstract

Objective To assess optimal timing of influenza vaccination in young children.

Design Population based cohort study.

Setting United States.

Participants Commercially insured children aged 2-5 years who were vaccinated against influenza during 2011-18.

Main outcome measure Rates of diagnosis of influenza among children who were vaccinated against influenza, by birth month.

Results Overall, 819 223 children aged 2-5 received influenza vaccination. Children vaccinated in November and December were least likely to have a diagnosis of influenza, a finding that may be confounded by unmeasured factors that influence the timing of vaccination and risk of influenza. Vaccination commonly occurred on days of preventive care visits and during birth months. Children born in October were disproportionately vaccinated in October and were, on average, vaccinated later than children born in August and earlier than those born in December. Children born in October had the lowest rate of influenza diagnosis (for example, 2.7% (6016/224 540) versus 3.0% (6462/212 622) for those born in August; adjusted odds ratio 0.88, 95% confidence interval 0.85 to 0.92).

Conclusions In a quasi-experimental analysis of young children vaccinated against influenza, birth month was associated with the timing of vaccination through its influence on the timing of preventive care visits. Children born in October were most likely to be vaccinated in October and least likely to have a diagnosis of influenza, consistent with recommendations promoting October vaccination.

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