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[MEDSCAPE]: 2017年10月临床医学趋势
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Clinical Trends for October 2017

Ryan Syrek

October 27, 2017

Each week, we identify one top search term, speculate as to what caused its popularity, and provide an infographic on a related condition. If you have thoughts about what's trending and why, feel free to share them with us on Twitter or Facebook!

Clinical Trend of the Week (October 21-27): Viral Encephalitis

Several pieces of news from around the world combined to influence the increased popularity of this week's top search term. Initially, a recent study examined the impact of Nepal's efforts to vaccinate against Japanese encephalitis. The analysis found that the impact was even stronger than first thought, as the incidence rate of the virus dropped 78%, with an estimated 3,011 cases prevented. Meanwhile, a teen in Sacramento, California died from an invasive form of encephalitis. Her death was unexpected, as her diagnosis was originally accompanied by a positive prognosis until massive organ failure set in days later. Finally, a study that screened inhibitors of Japanese encephalitis approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)identified five drugs that blocked viral replication, most notably calcium inhibitors. Although this condition may not be on the minds of most healthcare professionals, the various items of interest resulted in this week's top search term.

Clinical Trend of the Week (October 14-20): Suicidal Thoughts

Several troubling recent revelations about suicide resulted in this week's top search term. Not only was October 10 recognized as Mental Health Awareness Day, a new study recently found an increase in suicide attempts among adults in the United States in recent years. Most notably, the group affected were younger, socioeconomically disadvantaged adults. Suicide attempts among adults aged 21 years and older increased from 0.62% in 2004-2005 to 0.79% in 2012-2013; most adults who attempted suicide were younger than 50 years and most were women. A separate study from the United Kingdom found that translocator protein (TSPO) levels, a marker of microglial inflammation, were increased in individuals with major depressive disorder, specifically those who experienced suicidal thoughts. This further supports the link between depression and brain inflammation. Finally, a new study reiterated that loneliness is a key risk factor for suicidal ideation among older US veterans and that strong social support may be protective.

For more information on suicide, read here.

Clinical Trend of the Week (October 7-13): Verzenio

US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of a drug designed to treat a serious condition has once again resulted in this week's top search term. Abemaciclib (Verzenio, Eli Lilly) has become the third FDA-approved cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitor designed for use in breast cancer, joining palbociclib (Ibrance, Pfizer) and ribociclib (Kisqali, Novartis). What sets abemaciclib apart is that it can be administered as a stand-alone treatment to patients with hormone receptor (HR)–positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer who were previously treated with endocrine therapy and chemotherapy. The popularity of searches for this term reflects the severity of the condition, as breast cancer remains the most frequently diagnosed life-threatening cancer in women and the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide.

For more information on breast cancer, read here.

Clinical Trend of the Week (September 30 – October 6): Flu Vaccine 2017

The reason this week’s top search term experienced a surge in popularity is obvious, as concerns about seasonal influenza typically accompany the transition from summer to fall. A recent report by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) found that vaccination rates among healthcare workers has flattened over the last few years. Although 78.6% of respondents were vaccinated in the 2016-2017 season, that percentage is similar to those reported in 2013-2014 and 2015-2016. This past season, physicians had the highest rate of vaccination (96%), with nurses and pharmacists (93%) and nurse practitioners and physician assistants (92%) close behind. However, only 74% of nonclinical healthcare staff and 69% of assistants and aides reported vaccination. Searches for this year’s flu vaccine information are likely to remain popular, as physicians and other healthcare workers prepare to protect themselves and to make the best recommendations to their patients.

For more information on influenza, read here.

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