Original Investigation March 27, 2018 Trends and Patterns of Differences in Infectious Disease Mortality Among US Counties, 1980-2014 Charbel el Bcheraoui, Ali H. Mokdad, Laura Dwyer-Lindgren, et al JAMA. 2018;319(12):1248-1260. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.2089 Abstract Importance 背景 Infectious diseases are mostly preventable but still pose a public health threat in the United States, where estimates of infectious diseases mortality are not available at the county level....

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study GlobalSurg Collaborative Lancet Published: 13 February 2018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30101-4 Summary Background 背景 Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We q...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE A Randomized Trial of High-Flow Oxygen Therapy in Infants with Bronchiolitis Donna Franklin, Franz E. Babl, Luregn J. Schlapbach, et al N Engl J Med 2018; 378:1121-1131 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1714855 Abstract BACKGROUND 背景 High-flow oxygen therapy through a nasal cannula has been increasingly used in infants with bronchiolitis, despite limited high-quality evidence of its efficacy. The efficacy of high-flow oxygen therapy through a nasal cannula in settings ...

Colistin alone versus colistin plus meropenem for treatment of severe infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria: an open-label, randomised controlled trial Mical Paul, George L Daikos, Emanuele Durante-Mangoni, et al Lancet Published: 15 February 2018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30099-9 Summary Background 目的 Colistin–carbapenem combinations are synergistic in vitro against carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. We aimed to t...

Perspective > Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) COMMENTARY Duration of Therapy and Follow-up Blood Cultures in Bacteremia: New Information Emily Spivak, MD, MHS February 08, 2018 Bloodstream Infections: Gaps in Knowledge 血行性感染：知识的空白 Gram-negative bacteremia accounts for up to half of all bloodstream infections, yet little is known about the shortest effective duration of therapy, and guideline recommendations do not exist outside of gr...

Special Communication March 13, 2018 Health Care Spending in the United States and Other High-Income Countries Irene Papanicolas, Liana R. Woskie, Ashish K. Jha JAMA. 2018;319(10):1024-1039. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.1150 Abstract Importance 背景 Health care spending in the United States is a major concern and is higher than in other high-income countries, but there is little evidence that efforts to reform US health care delivery have had a meaningful influence on contr...

Original Investigation Caring for the Critically Ill Patient February 27, 2018 Effect of a Pediatric Early Warning System on All-Cause Mortality in Hospitalized Pediatric Patients: The EPOCH Randomized Clinical Trial Christopher S. Parshuram, Karen Dryden-Palmer, Catherine Farrell, et al JAMA. Published online February 27, 2018. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.0948 Abstract Importance 背景 There is limited evidence that the use of severity of illness scores in pediatric patien...

Intensive Care Medicine ONLINE FIRST THIS WEEK (FREE ACCESS) Letter ~ Maxime Coutrot et al. Euglycemic ketoacidosis, a common and underecognised complication of continuous renal replacement therapy using glucose-free solutions. From the Inside ~ Daniel Brodie et al. There’s more to medicine than machines. What's New in Intensive Care ~ Matthieu Schmidt et al. Have we averted deaths using venoarterial ECMO? Understanding the Disease ~ Hans Flaatten et al. Understanding card...

Original Investigation Caring for the Critically Ill Patient February 27, 2018 Effect of On-Demand vs Routine Nebulization of Acetylcysteine With Salbutamol on Ventilator-Free Days in Intensive Care Unit Patients Receiving Invasive Ventilation: A Randomized Clinical Trial David M. P. van Meenen, Sophia M. van der Hoeven, Jan M. Binnekade, et al JAMA. Published online February 27, 2018. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.0949 Abstract Importance 背景 It remains uncertain whether n...

Articles Temporal trends and patterns in heart failure incidence: a population-based study of 4 million individuals Nathalie Conrad, Andrew Judge, Jenny Tran, et al Lancet 2018; 391: 572-580 Summary Background 背景 Large-scale and contemporary population-based studies of heart failure incidence are needed to inform resource planning and research prioritisation but current evidence is scarce. We aimed to assess temporal trends in incidence and prevalence of heart failur...