Original Investigation September 2018 Characteristics and Outcomes of Surgical Patients With Solid Cancers Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit Kathryn Puxty, Philip McLoone, Tara Quasim, et al JAMA Surg. 2018;153(9):834-840. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2018.1571 Abstract Importance 背景 Within the surgical population admitted to intensive care units (ICUs), cancer is a common condition. However, clinicians can be reluctant to admit patients with cancer to ICUs owing to conc...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Energy-Dense versus Routine Enteral Nutrition in the Critically Ill The TARGET Investigators, for the ANZICS Clinical Trials Group N Engl J Med October 22, 2018 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1811687 Abstract BACKGROUND 背景 The effect of delivering nutrition at different calorie levels during critical illness is uncertain, and patients typically receive less than the recommended amount. 危重病阶段给予不同热卡水平营养的效果尚不明确，患者接受的热卡通常低于推荐目标。 ME...

Special Communication October 22, 2018 Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Posterior Probability of Mortality Benefit in a Post Hoc Bayesian Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial Ewan C. Goligher, George Tomlinson, David Hajage, et al JAMA. Published online October 22, 2018. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.14276 Abstract Importance 背景 Bayesian analysis of clinical trial data may provide useful information to aid in study i...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Haloperidol and Ziprasidone for Treatment of Delirium in Critical Illness Timothy D. Girard, Matthew C. Exline, Shannon S. Carson, et al. N Engl J Med October 22, 2018 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1808217 Abstract BACKGROUND 背景 There are conflicting data on the effects of antipsychotic medications on delirium in patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). 抗精神病药物对ICU患者谵妄的疗效数据相互矛盾。 METHODS 方法 In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled tr...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Pantoprazole in Patients at Risk for Gastrointestinal Bleeding in the ICU Mette Krag, Søren Marker, Anders Perner, et al N Engl J Med October 24, 2018 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1714919 Abstract BACKGROUND 背景 Prophylaxis for gastrointestinal stress ulceration is frequently given to patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), but its risks and benefits are unclear. ICU患者常常接受胃肠道应激性溃疡的预防，但其风险及获益并不清楚。 METHODS 方法 In this European, multi...

Original Investigation October 22, 2018 Decontamination Strategies and Bloodstream Infections With Antibiotic-Resistant Microorganisms in Ventilated Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial Bastiaan H. Wittekamp, Nienke L. Plantinga, Ben S. Cooper, et al JAMA. Published online October 22, 2018. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.13765 Abstract Importance 背景 The effects of chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwash, selective oropharyngeal decontamination (SOD), and selective digestive tract de...

Original Investigation October 22, 2018 Effect of Protocolized Weaning With Early Extubation to Noninvasive Ventilation vs Invasive Weaning on Time to Liberation From Mechanical Ventilation Among Patients With Respiratory Failure: The Breathe Randomized Clinical Trial Gavin D. Perkins, Dipesh Mistry, Simon Gates, et al JAMA. Published online October 22, 2018. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.13763 Abstract Importance 背景 In adults in whom weaning from invasive mechanical v...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Timing of Renal-Replacement Therapy in Patients with Acute Kidney Injury and Sepsis Saber D. Barbar, Raphaël Clere-Jehl, Abderrahmane Bourredjem, et al N Engl J Med 2018; 379:1431-1442 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1803213 Abstract BACKGROUND 背景 Acute kidney injury is the most frequent complication in patients with septic shock and is an independent risk factor for death. Although renal-replacement therapy is the standard of care for severe acute kidney injury, the...

Research Association between physician US News & World Report medical school ranking and patient outcomes and costs of care: observational study Yusuke Tsugawa, Daniel M Blumenthal, Ashish K Jha, et al. Cite this as: BMJ 2018;362:k3640 Abstract Objective 目的 To investigate whether the US News & World Report (USNWR) ranking of the medical school a physician attended is associated with patient outcomes and healthcare spending. 研究医生毕业的医学院美...

Research Laparoscopic cholecystectomy versus percutaneous catheter drainage for acute cholecystitis in high risk patients (CHOCOLATE): multicentre randomised clinical trial Charlotte S Loozen, Hjalmar C van Santvoort, Peter van Duijvendijk, et al BMJ 2018; 363 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.k3965 (Published 08 October 2018)Cite this as: BMJ 2018;363:k3965 Abstract Objective 目的 To assess whether laparoscopic cholecystectomy is superior to percutaneous catheter draina...